“…Subsequently, a testis-specific promoter for the rat AVP gene has been described, and an in vitro synthesized RNA corresponding to the longer testicular AVP gene-derived transcript was not able to act as a template for protein synthesis (192). Again, the aberrant testicular AVP gene-derived RNAs expression was closely associated with the integrity of germ cells and ongoing spermatogenesis (193). Accordingly, transgenic mice overexpressing the rat hypothalamic AVP gene were shown to have tissue-specific mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, temporal lobe, parietal cerebral cortex, cerebellum, posterior pituitary, pancreas, and lung, similar to the tissue distribution of endogenous and ectopic mouse and rat AVP expression but not in the testis (194).…”