A TG-FTIR investigation on the co-pyrolysis of the waste HDPE, PP, PS and PET under high heating conditions

Singh, Rohit Kumar; Ruj, Biswajit; Sadhukhan, Anup Kumar; Gupta, Parthapratim

doi:10.1016/j.joei.2019.09.003

Cited by 156 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The higher heating value of SY and MB (33.06 and 45.51 MJ/kg, respectively) were higher than that of coal (28.87 MJ/kg) ( Chen et al, 2019 ), bamboo residues (17.67–18.23 MJ/kg) ( Hu et al, 2019 ), spent potlining (22.21 MJ/kg), textile dyeing sludge (6.95 MJ/kg) ( Sun et al, 2019 ), and coffee grounds (23.64 MJ/kg) ( Chen et al, 2020 ). Their calorific values were higher than those of the other plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (19.02 MJ/kg) ( Lee et al, 2018 ), polystyrene (42.3 MJ/kg) ( Muneer et al, 2019 ), and polyethylene terephthalate (23.97 MJ/kg) ( Singh et al, 2019 ). These results show that SY and MB have great prospects for application in the energy and by-product recoveries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…All the E a curves exhibited a rapid, violent process that underwent a consecutively rising-steady-falling change. Their irregular variations pointed to the degradation of PP and PE as a complex reaction process including the interactions between the chemical chain breakage and the molecular recombination ( Singh et al, 2019 ). These complex reactions were concentrated in a narrow temperature range.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pyrolysis dynamics of two medical plastic wastes: Drivers, behaviors, evolved gases, reaction mechanisms, and pathways

Ding

Huashan²,

Liu

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

110

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis dynamics of two medical plastic wastes: Drivers, behaviors, evolved gases, reaction mechanisms, and pathways

Ding

Huashan²,

Liu

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

110

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show abstract

“…FTIR allowed the identification of distinct functional groups based on previously reported data [ 40 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. As shown in Figure 3 , the conventional HDPE profile did not show significant changes, as it kept the same characteristic peaks [ 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Plastics in Simulated Landfill Conditions

Quecholac-Piña

Consuelo

Consuelo³

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Different degradable plastics have been promoted as a solution for the accumulation of waste in landfills and the natural environment; in Mexico, the most popular options are oxo-degradable, which degrade in a sequential abiotic–biotic process, and compostable plastics. In this research, high-density polyethylene, oxo-degradable high-density polyethylene, and certified compostable plastic were exposed to simulated landfill conditions in an 854-day-long experiment to assess their degradation. High-density polyethylene showed limited degradation, due mainly to surface erosion, evidenced by a 13% decrease in elongation at break. The pro-oxidant additive in the oxo-degradable plastic increased this loss of mechanical properties to 27%. However, both plastic films kept their physical integrity and high molecular weight by the end of the experiment, evidencing degradation but no biodegradation. While the compostable film fragmented, had a lower molecular weight at the end of the experiment, and decreased the presence of C=O bonds, this degradation took place remarkably slower than expected from a composting process. Results show that oxo-degradable and compostable plastics will not biodegrade readily in landfills. This fact should be known and understood for decision-makers to match the characteristics of the materials to the features of the waste management systems.

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“…The peaks around 725–730 demonstrate connected methylene; as the exposure temperature increases, the wavenumber shifted from lower to higher values (729 cm −1 ), showing the decline of molecular chain length [ 47 , 48 ]. The chain-breaking de-fines the aging of HDPE with the characteristic group including 1368 cm −1 [ 49 ]. The peak around 1368 cm −1 is due to external hydrogen vibrations of CH 2 [ 19 , 34 ] or wagging deformation of methylene groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation Monitoring of HDPE Material in CO2-Saturated NaCl Environment through Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Technique

2021

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Extensive damage due to saturated seawater and CO2 exposure under high temperature and pressure in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has been studied by Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The degradation of square-shaped HDPE samples having 1 mm thickness was investigated at 70 bars with 60, 75, and 90 °C separately for three weeks in an autoclave chamber. A clear indication of aging was observed in terms of chain scission by the formation of the methyl group (1262 cm−1), and the appearance of degradation products, including the alcohol and hydroxyl groups. The decline in glass transition temperature (Tg), melting point (Tm), and crystallinity (Xc) result from branching and formation of degradation products in the aged samples. TGA results reveal that the degradation shifts the characteristic temperatures (T5% and T10%) to lower values compared to virgin HDPE. FESEM images show clear surface cracks and rough patches after 3 weeks. The Xc value increased due to chain mobility at higher temperatures (90 °C). The impedance is relatively high 1011 ohms.cm−2 for a virgin sample, but it drops down to 109 and 106 after degradation. Impedance and dielectric loss were correlated, and the significance of dielectric loss was observed at lower frequencies. These characterizations will contribute to more efficient and detailed evaluation criteria for degradation monitoring.

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A TG-FTIR investigation on the co-pyrolysis of the waste HDPE, PP, PS and PET under high heating conditions

Cited by 156 publications

References 43 publications

Pyrolysis dynamics of two medical plastic wastes: Drivers, behaviors, evolved gases, reaction mechanisms, and pathways

Pyrolysis dynamics of two medical plastic wastes: Drivers, behaviors, evolved gases, reaction mechanisms, and pathways

Degradation of Plastics in Simulated Landfill Conditions

Degradation Monitoring of HDPE Material in CO2-Saturated NaCl Environment through Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Technique

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