A theoretical investigation of the tropical Indo-Pacific tripole mode

Lian, Tao; Chen, Dake; Tang, Youmin; Jin, Baogang

doi:10.1007/s11430-013-4762-7

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For the differences of the seasonal distribution of TCG and background circulations in the northern and southern Indian Ocean, we focus on the season of SON, which is the peak season of TCG in the northern Indian Ocean and the season that TCs begin to be more active in the southern Indian Ocean. SON is also a season of strong atmosphere-ocean interactions in the Indo-Pacific Ocean (Ju et al 2004;Chen 2011;Lian et al 2014), when the signals induced by both ENSO and the IOD are strong (Chen 2011;Lian et al 2014) and may exert great influence on TCG in the Indian Ocean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Zonal Dipole Pattern of Tropical Cyclone Genesis in the Indian Ocean Influenced by the Tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

et al. 2019

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From a basinwide perspective, the dominant mode of Indian Ocean tropical cyclone genesis (TCG) in September–November (SON) shows an equatorially symmetric east–west zonal dipole pattern, which can explain approximately 13% of the SON TCG variance. This zonal dipole TCG pattern is significantly related to the tripole pattern of the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean (IPT). The IPT, which is a combined interbasin mode and presents a dipole pattern of SSTAs in the tropical Indian Ocean and El Niño–like SSTAs in the tropical Pacific Ocean, can influence the local Walker circulation and zonal dipole TCG pattern over the tropical Indian Ocean. Associated with a positive IPT phase, abnormal ascending (descending) motions are induced and favorable for more (less) water vapor transport to the lower–middle level in the western (eastern) tropical Indian Ocean; significant anticyclonic vorticity anomalies are evoked in the lower level over the eastern tropical Indian Ocean, and weak easterly vertical wind shear appears over the tropical Indian Ocean. Thus, abnormally strong upward motion, abundant water vapor in the lower–middle level, and weak vertical wind shear are favorable for more TCG in the western tropical Indian Ocean, while the combined negative contributions of the vertical motion, lower-level vorticity, and humidity terms result in less TCG in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Zonal Dipole Pattern of Tropical Cyclone Genesis in the Indian Ocean Influenced by the Tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

et al. 2019

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“…The warming and cooling events are termed El Niño and La Niña, respectively. Because of its tremendous global impact (Philander, 1990;Lian et al, 2014a;Sun et al, 2015;Lian and Tang, 2017;Wang et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2017), ENSO has been a focus of oceanic and atmospheric research since 1980s, and significant progress has been made in observing, understanding and predicting ENSO (Chen et al, 1995(Chen et al, , 2004Neelin et al, 1998;McPhaden et al, 1999;Chen and Cane 2008). However, there are still many un- * Corresponding author (email: dchen@sio.org.cn) solved problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of the 2014–2016 El Niño events

Lian

Chen

Tang

2017

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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The 2015/2016 El Niño was one of the strongest El Niño events in history, and this strong event was preceded by a weak El Niño in 2014. This study systematically analyzed the dynamical processes responsible for the genesis of these events. It was found that the weak 2014 El Niño had two warming phases, the spring-summer warming was produced by zonal advection and downwelling Kelvin waves driven by westerly wind bursts (WWBs), and the autumn-winter warming was produced by meridional advection, surface heating as well as downwelling Kelvin waves. The 2015/2016 extreme El Niño, on the other hand, was primarily a result of sustained zonal advection and downwelling Kelvin waves driven by a series of WWBs, with enhancement from the Bjerknes positive feedback. The vast difference between these two El Niño events mainly came from the different amount of WWBs in 2014 and 2015. As compared to the 1982/1983 and 1997/1998 extreme El Niño events, the 2015/2016 El Niño exhibited some distinctive characteristics in its genesis and spatial pattern. We need to include the effects of WWBs to the theoretical framework of El Niño to explain these characteristics, and to improve our understanding and prediction of El Niño.

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“…The simultaneous positive correlation of IOD‐ENSO supports the opinion that both the IOD and ENSO are different patterns of a tripole mode in the tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean [ Lian et al ., ]. The lagged negative correlation suggests a possible impact of IOD on ENSO.…”

Section: Indian Summer Monsoon Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A positive phase of IOD is characterized by positive sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the west tropical Indian Ocean and negative SSTA in the southeast, whereas the opposite is true for a negative IOD phase. The IOD has a broadband period of 2–5 year [ Huang and Kinter , ] and exerts a significant impact on both atmospheric and oceanic circulation anomalies, such as anomalies in African rainfall, Indian summer monsoon rainfall, Australian rainfall, and the Indonesian throughflow as well as SSTAs in the western‐central equatorial Pacific [ Annamalai et al ., ; Ashok et al ., ; Vinayachandran et al ., ; Lian et al ., ; Li, J. et al ., 2016].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the simulation of Indian Ocean Dipole in the CESM—Impacts of atmospheric physics and model resolution

Yao

Tang

Chen

et al. 2016

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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This study examines the possible impacts of coupling processes on simulations of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Emphasis is placed on the atmospheric model resolution and physics. Five experiments were conducted for this purpose, including one control run of the ocean‐only model, four coupled experiments using two different versions of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM4 and CAM5) and two different resolutions. The results show that the control run could effectively simulate various features of the IOD. The coupled experiments run at the higher resolution yielded more realistic IOD period and intensity than their counterparts at the low resolution. The coupled experiments using CAM5 generally showed a better simulation skill in the tropical Indian SST climatology and phase‐locking than those using CAM4, but the wind anomalies were stronger and the IOD period were longer in the former experiments than in the latter. In all coupled experiments, the IOD intensity was much stronger than the observed intensity, which is attributable to wind‐thermocline depth feedback and thermocline depth‐subsurface temperature feedback. The CAM5 physics seems beneficial for the simulation of summer rainfall over the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean and the CAM4 physics tends to produce less biases over the western equatorial Indian Ocean, whereas the higher resolution tends to generate unrealistically strong meridional winds. The IOD‐ENSO relationship was captured reasonably well in coupled experiments, with improvements in CAM5 relative to CAM4. However, the teleconnection of the IOD‐Indian summer monsoon and ENSO‐Indian summer monsoon was not realistically simulated in all experiments.

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A theoretical investigation of the tropical Indo-Pacific tripole mode

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

The Zonal Dipole Pattern of Tropical Cyclone Genesis in the Indian Ocean Influenced by the Tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

The Zonal Dipole Pattern of Tropical Cyclone Genesis in the Indian Ocean Influenced by the Tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

Genesis of the 2014–2016 El Niño events

Assessment of the simulation of Indian Ocean Dipole in the CESM—Impacts of atmospheric physics and model resolution

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