A theoretical model for the physical processes in the confined high pressure discharges of electrothermal launchers

Loeb, Abraham; Kaplan, Z.

doi:10.1109/20.22561

Cited by 101 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…4, along with the measured data from three previous electrothermal gun tests [3,5,7]. It is found that the data from conventional electrothermal gun fall into the trend of …”

Section: Scaling Law Analysis Of Arc Conductancementioning

confidence: 87%

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A low aspect ratio electrothermal gun for metal plasma vapor discharge and ceramic nanopowder production

Kim

Peterson

2008

J Mech Sci Technol

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Traditionally, the electrothermal gun design has the bore of a large aspect ratio; however, a low aspect ratio design with a shorter bore length has been employed for efficient production of metal plasma vapors and synthesis of nanomaterials. In a comparison of the arc resistance-current relationship, a low aspect ratio design is found to exhibit distinctively different characteristics compared to a high aspect ratio design, and this trend is explained by the scaling law of plasma properties including theory of plasma electrical conductivity. A one-dimensional isothermal model has been applied to the present experiments to confirm the scaling laws, and it was found that the present modification of the electrothermal gun is able to produce fully ionized metal plasma vapor, while the plasma vapor produced in a conventional design is partially ionized. Also, by reacting metal plasma vapors with the controlled gases in the reaction chamber, nanoscale materials such as aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, and titanium oxide were synthesized successfully.

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“…4, along with the measured data from three previous electrothermal gun tests [3,5,7]. It is found that the data from conventional electrothermal gun fall into the trend of …”

Section: Scaling Law Analysis Of Arc Conductancementioning

confidence: 87%

“…5(c) presents the correction factor to the neutral species which becomes constant at higher temperature or 40,000 K at 50 MPa. In a capillary plasma discharge, we may assume that the Joule heating is proportional to the radiative heating from plasma column to the bore wall [5,7]. Therefore, we have…”

Section: Scaling Law Analysis Of Arc Conductancementioning

confidence: 99%

A low aspect ratio electrothermal gun for metal plasma vapor discharge and ceramic nanopowder production

Kim

Peterson

2008

J Mech Sci Technol

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“…The capillary, made of dielectric material, loses typically 100 mg per 50 kJ pulse. 5 This ablating material cools the initial plasma, increasing both its impedance and density. The plasma jet that comes out of the cathode nozzle is from the ablated dielectric material of the capillary.…”

Section: The Plasma Injectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plasma is produced in a confined discharge, 5 where a dielectric material that resides between the electrodes is ablated and forms thermal plasma in the temperature range of 1-3 eV. The plasma jet exits through a hollow cathode and enters the reactor zone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating hazardous wastes with pulsed-plasma technology

Wald¹,

Weiss²,

Pokryvailo³

et al. 2001

JOM

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A new, efficient, and environmentally friendly pulsed-plasma technology for hazardous waste treatment is presented. Tests were successfully carried out using modular, transportable laboratory equipment. Experiments were performed using perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene as reference materials and real industrial waste comprising mono-and dichlorobenzene (30-70%). Although the process was not optimized, it was found that complete destruction of about 2 cc of waste per pulse could be achieved with an energy consumption of 7-9 kJ/pulse, which is at least 50% less than the amount of energy required in other thermal methods. This work was performed within the framework of the 4th European Brite Euram R&D Program-"Prometheus."

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“…It is the hypervelocity that conventional gunpowder driven launch technology can be barely achieved. As key physical processes in the ET or ETC launch system, the research in this field is always focused on the capillary discharge which generates high pressure and high temperature plasma by ablating the wall of the tube to serve as working medium or ignite the propellant [2]. During the last several decades, various mathematical models with different degree of simplification were established based on the Euler equations to study this physical process [3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Efficient Method for the Solution of the Saha Equation in the Numerical Simulation of Capillary Discharge

Liu

Wan

et al. 2017

Advances in Mathematical Physics

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In the numerical simulation of capillary discharge for the Electrothermal (ET) or ET-chemical (ETC) launch system, one needs to solve the Saha equation to determine the composition of plasma for the transport coefficients. This would cause a relatively longer simulation runtime compared with conventional computational fluid dynamics problems. In this paper, the relatively difficult multidimensional problem of solving the Saha equation is transformed into a one-dimensional problem in the simulation of capillary discharge by constructing an iteration equation about temperature. A coefficient is introduced to ensure the convergence of this iteration equation. In order to improve the computational efficiency, this coefficient is further optimized and the methods of setting the iteration initial value dynamically are introduced. Several simulation tests are conducted to study the performance of these two methods. The results show that the simulation runtime could be significantly reduced with the methods presented in this paper.

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A theoretical model for the physical processes in the confined high pressure discharges of electrothermal launchers

Cited by 101 publications

References 1 publication

A low aspect ratio electrothermal gun for metal plasma vapor discharge and ceramic nanopowder production

A low aspect ratio electrothermal gun for metal plasma vapor discharge and ceramic nanopowder production

Treating hazardous wastes with pulsed-plasma technology

A Study on the Efficient Method for the Solution of the Saha Equation in the Numerical Simulation of Capillary Discharge

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