“…Therefore, in this study, the photodetachment spectra of CAl 3 Si – are theoretically resolved, and the nonadiabatic effects among nearly spaced X̃, Ã, B̃ and D̃, Ẽ bands are unfolded. To address this objective, various methodologies have been proposed in the literature, employing diabatic coupling schemes, including the beyond Born–Oppenheimer (BBO) approach, , direct dynamics (DD) approach, − exact factorization (EF) scheme, − and vibronic coupling theory (VCT). − In our study, we opted for the computationally viable VCT − developed by Köppel et al, which has demonstrated success in various photodetachment processes. − Under the framework of this methodology, the optimized geometry is obtained first, and later ab initio single-point energy calculations are performed for the first six electronic states of CAl 3 Si (outlined in the Computational and Theoretical Approach Section). Later, these calculated energies were utilized for the determination of the Hamiltonian parameters.…”