A Theory of the Cromwell Current (the Equatorial Undercurrent) and of the Equatorial Upwelling

Yoshida, Kan

doi:10.5928/kaiyou1942.15.159

Cited by 105 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This distribution of zonal current anomaly is consistent with the spatial pattern of westerly winds, in which the stronger westerlies are found in the eastern Indian Ocean in late December ( Figure 5, right panel), [2]. Note that the eastward propagation of zonal current can be detected, but it is not as clear as that of SSH because equatorial zonal currents often include other large signals such as Rossby waves and Yoshida jet [33,36].…”

Section: Equatorial Kelvin Wavesupporting

confidence: 58%

Remote Ocean Response to the Madden–Julian Oscillation during the DYNAMO Field Campaign: Impact on Somali Current System and the Seychelles–Chagos Thermocline Ridge

et al. 2017

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During the CINDY/DYNAMO field campaign, exceptionally large upper ocean responses to strong westerly wind events associated with the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) were observed in the central equatorial Indian Ocean. Strong eastward equatorial currents in the upper ocean lasted more than one month from late November 2011 to early January 2012. The remote ocean response to these unique MJO events are investigated using a high resolution (1/25 • ) global ocean general circulation model along with the satellite altimeter data. The local ocean response to the MJO events are realistically simulated by the global model based on the comparison with the data collected during the field campaign. The satellite altimeter data show that anomalous sea surface height (SSH) associated with the strong eastward jets propagated eastward as an equatorial Kelvin wave. The positive SSH anomalies then partly propagate westward as a reflected Rossby wave. The SSH anomalies associated with the reflected Rossby wave in the southern hemisphere propagate all the way to the western boundary. These remote ocean responses are well simulated by the global model. The analysis of the model simulation indicates the significant influence of reflected Rossby waves on sub-seasonal variability of Somali current system near the equator. The analysis further suggests that the reflected Rossby wave causes a substantial change in the structure of the Seychelles-Chagos thermocline ridge, which contributes to significant SST anomalies.

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Section: Equatorial Kelvin Wavesupporting

confidence: 58%

Remote Ocean Response to the Madden–Julian Oscillation during the DYNAMO Field Campaign: Impact on Somali Current System and the Seychelles–Chagos Thermocline Ridge

et al. 2017

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“…These are compared with those for the singlemesh model of ½Њ resolution, shown for the same region. The dynamical response to WWB forcing initially involves a meridionally convergent, eastward-accelerating Yoshida jet (Yoshida 1959) in the surface layer. In the nested model, this jet reaches a speed of about 110 cm s Ϫ1 at day 1100 because the Coriolis force is ineffective at retarding and deflecting currents near the equator.…”

Section: B Wind Burst Forcing In the Western Equatorial Pacificmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Multiply Nested Primitive Equation Ocean Model

1998

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A new multiply nested primitive equation ocean model is presented. The model employs a two-way interactive nesting technique successfully applied for many years in the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory-NOAA hurricane prediction model. The formulation of the mesh nesting algorithm allows flexibility in deciding the number of meshes and the ratio of grid resolutions between adjacent meshes. Other advanced features include realistic coastline geometry and spatially variable grid spacing. The results of various idealized experiments indicate good performance of the nesting technique.The most important feature of the model is the ability to combine large-scale and regional-scale predictions. The model is tested as a general circulation model (GCM) in a 3-yr spinup experiment of the large-scale circulation in the tropical Pacific Ocean. It demonstrates skill comparable to that of other recently developed GCMs. The resulting large-scale fields are then used in the nested configuration as initial conditions for simulations of the ocean response to a westerly wind burst and a tropical cyclone. Significant improvements over a coarse, singlemesh model have been achieved in resolving finescale features of the wind-induced current and temperature fields. These results highlight the importance of model resolution for realistic simulations of mesoscale ocean variability.

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“…Errors will arise from simple steady state dynamics that omit the terms for local acceleration, momentum advection, and lateral viscosity. Local acceleration is likely to be most influential near the equator in the presence of wind-driven jets [Yoshida, 1959] and equatorially trapped waves. Influence of momentum advection and lateral viscosity on the momentum budget has been documented by Johnson and Luther [1994].…”

Section: Equations Of Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Pacific near‐surface currents estimated from altimeter, wind, and drifter data

Lagerloef¹,

Mitchum²,

Lukas³

et al. 1999

J. Geophys. Res.

300

270

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A Theory of the Cromwell Current (the Equatorial Undercurrent) and of the Equatorial Upwelling

Cited by 105 publications

References 4 publications

Remote Ocean Response to the Madden–Julian Oscillation during the DYNAMO Field Campaign: Impact on Somali Current System and the Seychelles–Chagos Thermocline Ridge

Remote Ocean Response to the Madden–Julian Oscillation during the DYNAMO Field Campaign: Impact on Somali Current System and the Seychelles–Chagos Thermocline Ridge

Design of a Multiply Nested Primitive Equation Ocean Model

Tropical Pacific near‐surface currents estimated from altimeter, wind, and drifter data

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