A theory of the electrical properties of liquid metals

Faber, T. E.; Ziman, John

doi:10.1080/14786436508211931

Cited by 1,465 publications

(596 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Generally, this is expressed as the differential cross section, which has distinct (coherent) and self-(incoherent) scattering parts. The total interference function, F(Q), is the distinct scattering and it is convenient to use the convention of Faber-Ziman [33] to express the total interference function F(Q), in terms of a dimensionless static structure factor S(Q) [29,30]:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ diffraction studies of magnesium silicate liquids

2008

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Primitive MgO-SiO 2 liquids dominate the early history of the Earth and Terrestrial planets. The structures of these liquids and structure-dependent properties, such as viscosity and diffusion, are considered important in the evolution of these planets, however, MgO-SiO 2 liquids are refractory and do not form glasses easily and it is difficult to measure the structure of these liquids. Container-less synthesis techniques have been used to produce glasses that range in composition from 50 to 33% SiO 2 , corresponding to the compositions of two important mantle minerals: enstatite and forsterite. The structure of these glasses has been determined using combined neutron and high-energy diffraction and show changes in the short-range order as a function of composition. These changes include a jump in Mg-O coordination number at the limit to the formation of the silicate network in forsterite composition glass. These results imply a similar change in the structure of the liquid. Accordingly, the structures of forsterite and enstatite liquids have been determined using high-energy X-rays and a specialized sample environment, a containerless levitator. The main qualitative structural differences between MgSiO 3 and Mg 2 SiO 4 glasses are also observed in the melt. Liquid MgSiO 3 is interpreted as forming a relatively 'strong' network of SiO 4 tetrahedra, whereas the Mg 2 SiO 4 liquid is ''fragile'' and dominated MgO n (n = 4, 5, 6) polyhedra and highly mobile oxygen ions. The results differ significantly from previously reported X-ray diffraction data for liquid MgSiO 3 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ diffraction studies of magnesium silicate liquids

2008

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“…Electrical resistivity has contributions from thermal scattering as well as structure scattering. 25,26 In the nanocomposite films, the Fermi surface is likely to be highly distorted, resulting in a greater contribution to resistivity from structure scattering, which is temperature-independent. This supports the small temperature dependence of conductivity seen for all the Ag-Cu nanocomposite films.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This supports the small temperature dependence of conductivity seen for all the Ag-Cu nanocomposite films. [25][26][27][28] Figure 4 shows the valence bands of the nanocomposite films characterized by ultra-violet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS). Alongside are shown the spectra for 99.99% Cu and the 99.99% Ag films under identical experimental conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallic Glass Nano-composite Thin Films for High-performance Functional Applications

Das

Arora

Mukherjee

2017

JOM

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Metallic glass nanocomposite thin films were synthesized for an immiscible Ag-Cu alloy system by magnetron sputtering. The structure of the films was unique, consisting of homogeneously dispersed nanocrystallites in an amorphous matrix. The size and volume fraction of the nanocrystallites increased with increasing film thickness resulting in increased elastic modulus and hardness. The high electrical conductivity of the nanocomposite films was examined by a valence-band study, which showed that exchange interaction between Ag and Cu in the nanocomposite structure resulted in enhanced charge carrier concentration. The inverse correlation between electrical conductivity and film thickness was explained by surface and interface scattering of electrons with increasing volume fraction of nanocrystallites. The small temperature dependence of conductivity was attributed to the distorted Fermi surface of the nanocomposite films resulting in a greater contribution from structure scattering, which is temperature-independent.

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“…The observed X-ray scattering intensities I obs (q) were corrected for background, absorption, polarization, incoherent and multiple scattering effects (all procedures are described in reference [5]). Using the Faber-Ziman formalism [6] …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal expansion of La-based BMG studied by in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction

Bednarčı́k

Curfs

Sikorski

et al. 2010

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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a b s t r a c tThe present work focuses on the study of the thermal stability of La 62 Al 14 (Cu 5/6 Ag 1/6 ) 14 Ni 5 Co 5 (at.%) bulk metallic glass (BMG) using the state-of-the-art high temperature in situ hard X-ray scattering techniques available at the undulator beamline ID11 of ESRF (Grenoble, France). Constant-rate heating experiments using a fast X-ray camera (time resolution of 3 s) reveal detailed information about the thermal stability of the La-based BMG. Analyzing diffraction patterns in a reciprocal space yields thermal expansion of amorphous alloy providing insight about the thermally activated relaxation effects and glass transition. We found that in the region 20 K below the glass transition (T g = 420 K) thermal expansion curve exhibits negative slope which indicates annealing-out of the quenched-in free volumes. The glass transition appears as a brake in the value of coefficient of the volume thermal expansion˛t h . Furthermore, real space analysis based on reduced pair distribution function G(r) allows to trace the changes in the local atomic structure of amorphous material during constant-rate heating.

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A theory of the electrical properties of liquid metals

Cited by 1,465 publications

References 21 publications

In situ diffraction studies of magnesium silicate liquids

In situ diffraction studies of magnesium silicate liquids

Metallic Glass Nano-composite Thin Films for High-performance Functional Applications

Thermal expansion of La-based BMG studied by in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction

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