A thermo-viscoelastic approach for the characterization and modeling of the bending behavior of thermoplastic composites – Part II

Ropers, Steffen; Sachs, Ulrich J.; Kardos, Marton; Osswald, Tim A.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.02.007

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Moreover, an Arrhenius-type relation for the flow consistency index k c could be adopted to also make the long-term solution (19) temperaturedependent. In contrast to the earlier solution, here, the slope was found to be significantly rate-and temperature-dependent for most materials, which is consistent with previous observations by other authors [8,11,12]. This may be taken into consideration in future research.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Bayesian inference [21] is applied to determine the distributions of the four material parameters in Equation (10) for each of the 10 TPC given the experimental data 𝒳. Further, the parameters of four additional TPC materials-W5HS-CF-PPS, W22TW-GF-PA6 R and UD-CF-PA6 R from Ropers et al [3,11], and UD-CF-PA6 S used by Sachs and Akkerman [8]-have been estimated as well. The implemented model aims to estimate the mean of each repeated experiment.…”

Section: Parameter Inferencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1c. Furthermore, various approaches were presented to also describe the observed temperature dependence, for instance, by applying the principle of time-temperature superposition [3], interpolating between discrete parameters [11], or making the elastic stiffness tensor and the constitutive relation for equivalent flow rate (not its parameters) a function of the temperature [12]. However, the proposed models and approaches were validated with the measurements of one, or at most two different TPCs, since experimental work is expensive and time consuming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bending behaviour of thermoplastic composites in melt: A data-driven approach

Veenstra

Wijskamp²,

Rosić

et al. 2022

Composites Science and Technology

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The resistance to bending of continuous fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites at processing temperature is an important predictor of wrinkle formation during the stamp forming process. This resistance can be quantified with experiments and approximated with models. However, current models are validated with one, or at most two, thermoplastic composites. Hence, it is not known whether these models generalise to other thermoplastic composites. This data-driven study proposes a rate-and temperature-dependent bending model derived from the experimental data of 10 very different thermoplastic composites. The multivariate data structure was analysed with a Tucker decomposition, together with bootstrapping and cross-validation, to reveal the important generalisable trends, and discard irrelevant features. The most suitable Tucker model could be parametrised to yield a four-parameter model, which approximates the deformation, rate, and temperature dependence, respectively using a linear, a power law, and an Arrhenius-type relation. The four-parameter model was validated with experimental data from four other thermoplastic composite materials. It can describe the measured rate-and temperature-dependent bending behaviour of a wide range of thermoplastic composites.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Parameter Inferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bending behaviour of thermoplastic composites in melt: A data-driven approach

Veenstra

Wijskamp²,

Rosić

et al. 2022

Composites Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are several possible explanations for this. As is consistent with other work in the field [57], the model does not take into account the viscoelastic nature of the material response to loading in the direction of the fibers [58,59]. Only the timeindependent part of the response to bending of the prepreg is taken into consideration and this may result in an overly stiff behavior.…”

Section: Identification Of Wrinkles Formation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 73%

Consolidation-Driven Defect Generation in Thick Composite Parts

Belnoue

Nixon-Pearson

Thompson

et al. 2018

Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering

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Fiber waviness is one of the most significant defects that occurs in composites due to the severe knockdown in mechanical properties that it causes. This paper investigates the mechanisms for the generation of fiber path defects during processing of composites prepreg materials and proposes new predictive numerical models. A key focus of the work was on thick sections, where consolidation of the ply stack leads to out of plane ply movement. This deformation can either directly lead to fiber waviness or can cause excess fiber length in a ply that in turn leads to the formation of wrinkles. The novel predictive model, built on extensive characterization of prepregs in small-scale compaction tests, was implemented in the finite element software ABAQUS as a bespoke user-defined material. A number of industrially relevant case studies were investigated to demonstrate the formation of defects in typical component features. The validated numerical model was used to extend the understanding gained from manufacturing trials to isolate the influence of various material, geometric, and process parameters on defect formation.

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“…The demand for woven carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (WCF/TP) composites, especially high‐performance polyether‐ether‐ketone (PEEK) composites has greatly increased due to their numerous advantages, such as excellent strength and stiffness, good toughness, and high service temperatures, which make them widely used in fields such as aerospace, automotive and biological engineering 1–4 . Currently, thermoforming is a popular method to form thermoplastic composite components 5–7 . However, thermoforming is mainly restricted to relatively simple shell‐like structures because fibers usually cannot be easily stretched or compressed 8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bond strength and bond mechanism of injection over‐molded woven carbon fiber/PEEK‐short carbon fiber/PEEK composite components

Deng

Huang

Zheng

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A weak interface is formed between injected plastic and substrate during the injection over‐molding process. This study investigated the effects of mold temperature and melt temperature on the bond strength of injection over‐molded components, which were produced by injecting short carbon fiber reinforced polyether‐ether‐ketone (SCF/PEEK) onto the surface of woven carbon fiber reinforced PEEK (WCF/PEEK) laminate substrate. The results show that the interfacial laminar shear strength (ILSS) increases significantly from 15.8 to 50.0 MPa as the mold temperature raises from 190 to 260°C. The ILSS increases first and then decreases with melt temperature raises from 380 to 420°C, achieving a maximum value of 44.4 MPa at 410°C melt temperature. Crystallinity analysis and microscopic observations indicate different bonding modes are formed at the interface. The matrix tangling appears in the matrix enrichment area, interlocking, and tangling appear in the pits and weak tangling and cracks occur on the fiber surface. The mold temperature affects the ILSS by changing the crystallization property and the connection mode in the interface, while the melt temperature affects the ILSS by changing the area of the matrix entanglement. The relationship between the process conditions—interfacial microstructure—interfacial mechanical performance was discussed.

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A thermo-viscoelastic approach for the characterization and modeling of the bending behavior of thermoplastic composites – Part II

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Bending behaviour of thermoplastic composites in melt: A data-driven approach

Bending behaviour of thermoplastic composites in melt: A data-driven approach

Consolidation-Driven Defect Generation in Thick Composite Parts

Bond strength and bond mechanism of injection over‐molded woven carbon fiber/PEEK‐short carbon fiber/PEEK composite components

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