A thirteen-million-year divergence between two lineages of Indonesian coelacanths

Kadarusman,; Sugeha, Hagi Yulia; Pouyaud, Laurent; Hocdé, Régis; Hismayasari, Intanurfemi B; Gunaisah, Endang; Widiarto, Santoso B; Arafat, Gulam; Widyasari, Ferliana; Mouillot, David; Paradis, Emmanuel

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-57042-1

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This monotonic rate of evolution is interrupted by at least three episodes of increased morphological disparity, with forms presenting a different Bauplan, roughly contemporary with peaks of taxic diversity. The rate of genetic evolution within the coelacanth lineage is found by most studies to be slower than that of other vertebrate lineages in the mitochondrial genome 16,17,18 as well as in the nuclear genome 19 , at least for the proteincoding genes 20,11 . Extinct giant coelacanths, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Giant Mesozoic Coelacanths (Osteichthyes, Actinistia) Reveal High Body Size Disparity Decoupled From Taxic Diversity

Cavin

Piuz

Ferrante

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The positive correlation between speciation rates and morphological evolution expressed by body size is a macroevolutionary trait of vertebrates. Although taxic diversification and morphological evolution are slow in coelacanths, their fossil record indicates that large and small species coexisted, which calls into question the link between morphological and body size disparities. Here, we describe and reassess fossils of giant coelacanths. Two genera reached up to 5 meters long, placing them among the ten largest bony fish that ever lived. The disparity in body size adjusted to taxic diversity is much greater in coelacanths than in ray-finned fishes, and is decoupled from a high rate of speciation or a high rate of morphological evolution. Genomic and physiological characteristics of the extant Latimeria may reflect how the extinct relatives grew to such a large size. These characteristics highlight new evolutionary traits specific to these “living fossils”.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Giant Mesozoic Coelacanths (Osteichthyes, Actinistia) Reveal High Body Size Disparity Decoupled From Taxic Diversity

Cavin

Piuz

Ferrante

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…These species diverged from other coelacanths during the Cretaceous [ 17 , 83 ] and last share common ancestry over 35 million years ago [ 41 ]. There is also evidence for additional, deep splits among populations in the two recognized Latimeria species [ 44 ]. However, the secludedhabitats and small population sizes of extant coelacanths mean that there is a dearth of specimens available for assessing morphological variance in these populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species delimitation and coexistence in an ancient, depauperate vertebrate clade

Brownstein

Bissell

2022

BMC Ecol Evo

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Background A major challenge to understanding how biodiversity has changed over time comes from depauperons, which are long-lived lineages with presently low species diversity. The most famous of these are the coelacanths. This clade of lobe-finned fishes occupies a pivotal position on the vertebrate tree between other fishes and tetrapods. Yet only two extant species and fewer than 100 extinct forms are known from the coelacanth fossil record, which spans over 400 million years of time. Although there is evidence for the existence of additional genetically isolated extant populations, a poor understanding of morphological disparity in this clade has made quantifying coelacanth species richness difficult. Results Here, we quantify variation in a sample of skulls and skeletons of the Triassic eastern North American coelacanth †Diplurus that represents the largest assemblage of coelacanth individuals known. Based on the results of these quantitative comparisons, we identify a diminutive new species and show that multiple lacustrine ecosystems in the Triassic rift lakes of the Atlantic coastline harbored at least three species of coelacanths spanning two orders of magnitude in size. Conclusions Conceptions about the distribution of species diversity on the tree of life may be fundamentally misguided when extant diversity is used to gauge signals of extinct diversity. Our results demonstrate how specimen-based assessments can be used to illuminate hidden biodiversity and show the utility of the fossil record for answering questions about the hidden richness of currently species-poor lineages.

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“…Although Latimeria is a marine fish and Mawsonia was a freshwater to brackish fish, they share evolutionary traits. The long-range duration of Latimeria is based on genetic evidence that indicates a split between the two extant and morphologically close species occurring 30 to 40 million years ago [ 3 ]. Mawsonia ’s stratigraphic range, as documented by its fossil record, is still uncertain based on the attribution of some of the recovered fossils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…chalumnae in the western Indian Ocean and L . menadoensis in Indonesia have low genetic diversity, and their genetic evolution rate is slower than that of other vertebrates indicated by their mitochondrial genome [ 1 – 3 ] as well as their nuclear genome [ 4 ], at least for the protein-coding genes [ 5 , 6 ]. Although showing only minor morphological difference, the two extant species diverged 30 to 40 million years ago [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recent study of a specimen of L . menadoensis captured in eastern Indonesia indicates a molecular divergence with others populations of the same species 13 million years ago [ 3 ], possibly indicating the existence of a third distinct species of Latimeria . Observation in vivo and genetic studies indicate that Latimeria is a sedentary fish [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The first late cretaceous mawsoniid coelacanth (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) from North America: Evidence of a lineage of extinct ‘living fossils’

et al. 2021

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Today, the only living genus of coelacanth, Latimeria is represented by two species along the eastern coast of Africa and in Indonesia. This sarcopterygian fish is nicknamed a "living fossil", in particular because of its slow evolution. The large geographical distribution of Latimeria may be a reason for the great resilience to extinction of this lineage, but the lack of fossil records for this genus prevents us from testing this hypothesis. Here we describe isolated bones (right angular, incomplete basisphenoid, fragments of parasphenoid and pterygoid) found in the Cenomanian Woodbine Formation in northeast Texas that are referred to the mawsoniid coelacanth Mawsonia sp. In order to assess the impact of this discovery on the alleged characteristic of "living fossils" in general and of coelacanths in particular: 1) we compared the average time duration of genera of ray-finned fish and coelacanth in the fossil record; 2) we compared the biogeographic signal from Mawsonia with the signal from the rest of the vertebrate assemblage of the Woodbine formation; and 3) we compared these life traits with those of Latimeria. The stratigraphical range of Mawsonia is at least 50 million years. Since Mawsonia was a fresh, brackish water fish with probably a low ability to cross large sea barriers and because most of the continental components of the Woodbine Fm vertebrate assemblage exhibit Laurasian affinities, it is proposed that the Mawsonia’s occurrence in North America is more likely the result of a vicariant event linked to the break-up of Pangea rather than the result of a dispersal from Gondwana. The link between a wide geographic distribution and the resilience to extinction demonstrated here for Mawsonia is a clue that a similar situation existed for Latimeria, which allowed this genus to live for tens of millions of years.

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A thirteen-million-year divergence between two lineages of Indonesian coelacanths

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Giant Mesozoic Coelacanths (Osteichthyes, Actinistia) Reveal High Body Size Disparity Decoupled From Taxic Diversity

Giant Mesozoic Coelacanths (Osteichthyes, Actinistia) Reveal High Body Size Disparity Decoupled From Taxic Diversity

Species delimitation and coexistence in an ancient, depauperate vertebrate clade

The first late cretaceous mawsoniid coelacanth (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) from North America: Evidence of a lineage of extinct ‘living fossils’

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