A Three-dimensional Analysis Method for Edentulous Mandibular Ridge Shape

Murakami, Mamoru; Kawahata, Naotsugu; Nagaoka, Eiichi

doi:10.4012/dmj.26.429

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…In addition to the vertical atrophy, the bone dimensions of edentulous portions of the maxilla decrease in a transverse or horizontal direction. 45,46 Presumably, this three-dimensional atrophy is a predisposing factor for additional palatal fracture involvement in Le Fort type fractures. Likewise, during Le Fort I osteotomies of the edentulous upper jaw transverse fractures with a predilection site along the junction between the horizontal plate of the palatine bone and the posterior maxillary shelf were reported more frequently than in normal dentate maxillae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Midface Fractures - Level 3 Tutorial

Cornelius

Audigé

Kunz

et al. 2014

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction

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Fractures of the midface occur in a high variety of fracture patterns and are difficult to classify appropriately to assign standardized categories of fracture classes reflecting the injury status of the patient. Requirements for a fracture classification are its clinical relevance and the ability to provide reliable and reproducible means to communicate Keywords ► fracture classification ► midface ► anatomic regions AbstractThe AOCMF Classification Group developed a hierarchical three-level craniomaxillofacial classification system with increasing level of complexity and details. The highest level 1 system distinguish four major anatomical units including the mandible (code 91), midface (code 92), skull base (code 93), and cranial vault (code 94). This tutorial presents the level 2 system for the midface unit that concentrates on the location of the fractures within defined regions in the central (upper, intermediate, and lower) and lateral (zygoma, pterygoid) midface, as well as the internal orbit and palate. The level 2 midface fracture location outlines the topographic boundaries of the anatomical regions. The common nasoorbitoethmoidal and zygoma en bloc fracture patterns, as well as the time-honored Le Fort classification are taken into account. This tutorial is organized in a sequence of sections dealing with the description of the classification system with illustrations of the topographical cranial midface regions along with rules for fracture location and coding, a series of case examples with clinical imaging and a general discussion on the design of this classification. Individual fracture mapping in these regions regarding severity, fragmentation, displacement of the fragment or bone defect is addressed in a more detailed level 3 system in the subsequent articles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%