A three-dimensional progressive damage model for drop-weight impact and compression after impact

Abstract

In this paper, an enhanced three-dimensional continuum damage mechanics model is applied to predict the drop-weight impact response and compression after impact failure of a fiber-reinforced polymer composite specimen. The three-dimensional progressive damage model incorporates a three-dimensional maximum stress criterion to predict the intra-ply damage initiation, followed by a fracture-energy-based smeared crack model to capture the post-peak softening behavior. Driven by the dominant through-the-thickness failure under impact loading, a three-dimensional continuum damage model is implemented for the three-dimensional solid element via its explicit material model for Abaqus (VUMAT) to capture the effect of three-dimensional stress state and the interaction of matrix cracking and delamination. Abaqus’ restart analysis capability is used to activate the compression after impact analysis using the final damage state from the dynamic impact analysis. Both the dynamic failure and the compression after impact are demonstrated via a suite of verification examples followed by the sensitivity analysis using distinct impact configurations. The predictive capability of the proposed three-dimensional damage model is first verified using a static open-hole tension test. Applications of the damage model are then demonstrated for simulations of the dynamic drop-weight tests and compression after impact tests. A comparative study on the developed method is performed using the results predicted from the open-source CompDam. A sensitivity study is also performed to demonstrate the impact energy-dependent failure mode. The proposed model has shown its advantages in performing a quick assessment of impact damage and its effects on the residual compressive strength.

Low velocity impact behavior of auxetic CFRP composite laminates with in-plane negative Poisson’s ratio

“…To study the effect of negative Poisson's ratios on the low velocity impact behaviors of the composite laminates, a well-validated impact damage modeling approach is used. 6,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] The detailed modeling approach, including the choices of the damage initiation criteria, the damage evolution law, the degradation of the stiffness matrix, and the delamination model, have been well discussed and presented in numerous existing papers 6,15,17 and are omitted here for brevity. The primary components of the low velocity impact model adopted throughout this study include: 1) the Hashin damage criterion, which is used to predict the initiation of the fiber tensile and compressive failure and the matrix tensile and compressive failure; 43 2) the linear stiffness degradation function based on the equivalent strain method, 15 which is used to track the damage evolution in each failure mode; 15 and 3) the Benzeggagh and Kenane (B-K) delamination criterion along with mixed-mode fracture energy laws, which are used to model the initiation and evolution of the delamination damage.…”

“…Many studies have been conducted by researchers worldwide to investigate the low velocity impact response of CFRP composites using numerical simulation methods where the failure modes of CFRP composites can be categorized into interlaminar damage and intralaminar damage and can be simulated by exploiting various combinations of damage initiation criteria and damage progression methods. 6,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] The aim of this study is to utilize the well-validated, state-of-the-art, numerical simulation methods to explore the underlying mechanisms of enhancement of impact resistance imparted by the introduction of in-plane negative Poisson's ratio into CFRP composites.…”

Impact Testing on the Pristine and Repaired Composite Materials for Aerostructures

“…Pham et al [41] considered the low-velocity impact response of fibre-reinforced composite materials, as well as the compression after impact failure, using an enhanced continuum damage model that incorporated a 3D maximum stress criterion and then a fractureenergy-based smeared crack model. The model was verified to be in good agreement with experimental data from static open-hole tensile testing.…”

Modelling damage evolution and CAI strength of composite laminates under biaxial compression

“…12,13 Up to now, a large number of researchers have focused on the CAI behaviour of composite laminates with LVI damages under uniaxial compression by experimental and numerical methods, and examined the effects of various parameters such as stacking sequence, ply thickness, impact energy and impactor types, etc. [14][15][16] Despite the CAI behaviour of composite laminates subjected to an compressive loading has been extensively studied, the load on composite laminate is usually multidirectional instead of the uniaxial direction in the practical engineering field, which could lead to more complex failure patterns. 17 Meanwhile, the CAI strength of composite laminates under axial compression may overestimate the actual ultimate carrying capacity.…”