A “three-in-one” strategy based on an on-demand multifunctional fluorescent amphoteric polymer for ecological leather manufacturing: a disruptive wet-finishing technique

Abstract

The traditional wet-finishing process for leather manufacturing is complicated and uses numerous chemical additives, limiting the leather industry's development in the direction of energy saving and emission reduction. Integrated with...

Insights into the Development of Dyeing-Assisting Amphoteric Acrylic Retanning/Fatliquoring Agents for Ecological Chrome-Free Tanned Leather Production

“…The molecular weights (Mn) and PDI of PAMLD-1 (Figure f) are 40350 g/mol and 2.2, respectively. Compared with the reported amphoteric retanning and fatliquoring agents (Mn = 219430, PDI = 1.5), the PAMLD exhibits smaller molecular weights and wider molecular weight distribution. Similarly, the average particle size of PAMLD emulsion (∼325 nm, Figure S3) is smaller than that of commercially amphoteric retanning agent FRA (∼356 nm, Figure S4).…”

“…11 More recently, amphoteric acrylic polymers with dual functions of retanning and fatliquoring have been reported for chrome-free tanning systems to reduce the processing time and save leather chemicals. 12 In the methods of Ma et al 13,14 and Liu et al, 15 cationic monomers are synthesized through the Mannich reaction or quaternization reaction and then copolymerized with acrylic monomers via free radical polymerization to prepare the amphoteric polymer. Unfortunately, the approach requires a two-step reaction in an Herein, we propose a novel and feasible approach to synthesize amphoteric acrylic polymer (abbreviated as PAMLD) by free radical polymerization using acrylic acid (AA), methacrylic acid (MAA), dodecyl 2-methyl acrylate (LMA), and ethyl methacrylate trimethylammonium chloride (DMC).…”

“…Publications have shown that amphoteric acrylic polymers can effectively enhance the adsorption of anionic dyes and improve the physical properties of chrome-free tanned leather . More recently, amphoteric acrylic polymers with dual functions of retanning and fatliquoring have been reported for chrome-free tanning systems to reduce the processing time and save leather chemicals . In the methods of Ma et al , and Liu et al, cationic monomers are synthesized through the Mannich reaction or quaternization reaction and then copolymerized with acrylic monomers via free radical polymerization to prepare the amphoteric polymer.…”

Greener Solvent Assistant Dyeing: Harnessing Ionic Liquids for Eco-Friendly Tone-in-Tone Dyeing on All Leather Types

“…Anionic dyes offer several advantages, such as excellent color fastness and vibrant hues, making them ideal for achieving the desired visual appeal in leather products. , However, anionic dyes are not suitable for all types of tanned leathers. Especially in the case of organic tanning process, during the post-tanning process, poor available amino groups in crust leather results in poor dye penetration and reduced color intensity . According to research by Salt, anionic dyes tend to exhibit poor exhaustion rates on vegetable-tanned leathers, leading to increased water consumption and dye wastage .…”

“…Wei et al reported on the use of pADD-DMENA amphoteric polymers as retanning agents, which exhibited a uniformly bright-yellow surface and demonstrated superior lightfastness, durability, and washability. Similarly, Ding et al reported on the utilization of a biomass-derived aldehyde tanning agent (BAT-iDP) in leather processing, , leading to in situ dyeing properties.…”