A three-phase optimal power flow applied to the planning of unbalanced distribution networks

Baran, Antonio Rubens; Fernandes, Thelma Solange Piazza

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.07.004

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A N accurately constructed bus admittance matrix (Y-Bus) that captures the unbalanced characteristics of distribution networks is the basis of several applications such as 1) three-phase load-flow based on Newton-Raphson [1], the current injection method [2], or the Z-Bus method [3]; 2) three-phase optimal power flow (OPF) using interiorpoint methods [4], semidefinite relaxations [5], or successive convex approximations [6]; 3) voltage security assessment [7], [8] through conditions for solution existence [9]- [13]; 4) optimal system operation by selecting optimal regulator tap settings [14], [15] and optimal capacitor switch reconfiguration [16]; and 5) providing real-time voltage solutions by linearizing three-phase power flow equations [17]- [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Modeling of Three-Phase Distribution Systems via the Bus Admittance Matrix

Bazrafshan

Gatsis

2018

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

115

107

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The theme of this paper is three-phase distribution system modeling suitable for the Z-Bus load-flow. Detailed models of wye and delta constant-power, constant-current, and constantimpedance loads are presented. Models of transmission lines, step-voltage regulators, and transformers that build the bus admittance matrix (Y-Bus) are laid out. The Z-Bus load-flow is then reviewed and the singularity of the Y-Bus in case of certain transformer connections is rigorously discussed. Based on realistic assumptions and conventional modifications, the invertibility of the Y-Bus is proved. Last but not least, MATLAB scripts that model the components of the IEEE 37-bus, the IEEE 123-bus, the 8500-node feeders, and the European 906-bus lowvoltage feeder are provided.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Modeling of Three-Phase Distribution Systems via the Bus Admittance Matrix

Bazrafshan

Gatsis

2018

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

115

107

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“…In 2016, Baran and Fernandes [15] presented a three-phase OPF, which includes the mutual impedances in order to minimize the losses of system. In 2016, Garces [16] presented a quadratic approximation for OPF in power distributions systems.…”

Section: Uncategorised Mathematical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Power Flow Techniques under Characterization of Conventional and Renewable Energy Sources: A Comprehensive Analysis

Khan

Singh

2017

Journal of Engineering

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The exhaustive knowledge of optimal power flow (OPF) methods is critical for proper system operation and planning, since OPF methods are utilized for finding the optimal state of any system under system constraint conditions, such as loss minimization, reactive power limits, thermal limits of transmission lines, and reactive power optimization. Incorporating renewable energy sources optimized the power flow of system under different constraints. This work presents a comprehensive study of optimal power flows methods with conventional and renewable energy constraints. Additionally, this work presents a progress of optimal power flow solution from its beginning to its present form. Authors classify the optimal power flow methods under different constraints condition of conventional and renewable energy sources. The current and future applications of optimal power flow programs in smart system planning, operations, sensitivity calculation, and control are presented. This study will help the engineers and researchers to optimize power flow with conventional and renewable energy sources.

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“…Next, the equipment and methods used to control voltage regulation are cited. As already mentioned, there are many works that explored traditional voltage regulation equipment, such as step voltage regulators [2], switched capacitors [1], and on-load tap changers (OLTC) [1]. The applications of more sophisticated technologies have also been described by previous works, including low-voltage static var compensators (LV-SVCs) [18], distributed energy-storage systems [19], static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) [20], and microgrids providing ancillary service [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using numerical approaches to simultaneously address several questions about adjustments and three-phase representations, we proposed an improvement to the single-period TOPF modeled by [2] Energies 2020, 13, 159 4 of 21 (which used the already well-established IPM), by the addition of DT tap adjustments (to bypass the high-voltage drop at the end of the feeder and avoid exceeding operating limits) and expanded the single-period performance to a multi-period conception that considers simultaneously the most representative scenarios of load levels and DG penetrations. So, the DT taps were allocated in a way to satisfy all the most significant load and DG conditions of a typical day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltage Regulation Planning for Distribution Networks Using Multi-Scenario Three-Phase Optimal Power Flow

2019

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Active distribution networks must operate properly for different scenarios of load levels and distributed generation. An important operational requirement is to maintain the voltage profile within standard operating limits. To do this, this paper proposed a Multi-Scenario Three-Phase Optimal Power Flow (MTOPF) that plans the voltage regulation of unbalance and active distribution networks considering typical scenarios of operation. This MTOPF finds viable operation points by the optimal adjustments of voltage regulator taps and distribution transformer taps. The differentiating characteristic of this formulation is that in addition to the traditional tuning of voltage regulator taps of an active network applied for just one scenario of load and generation, it also performs the optimal adjustment of distribution transformer taps, which, once fixed, is able to meet the voltage limits of diverse operating situations. The optimization problem was solved by the primal-dual interior-point method and the formulation was tested using the IEEE 123-bus system.Energies 2020, 13, 159 2 of 21 Thus, this research adjusted a single-period Three-Phase Optimal Power Flow (TOPF), proposed by the authors of [1], into a multi-scenario formulation that assists the voltage regulation planning of a distribution network, making not only the traditional adjustments of voltage regulators, but also of the distribution transformers taps (DT) that simultaneously satisfy different configurations of load and DG power injections (that depends on the solar incidence, for example) during a typical day.The adjustments proposed in this article considered a large insertion of photovoltaic (PV) generation, which required careful monitoring to not exceed operational limits of the network and equipment. Therefore, to address these questions, it was necessary to act on the step voltage regulators and on the distribution transformers taps that existed along the feeders to control the voltage profile.To do this, the purpose of this article was to propose an optimization problem that applies to a three-phase unbalanced network (besides the conventional control actions, such as voltage regulator taps, as [2]) and DT tap adjustments to monitor the voltage profile, considering not only one point of operation, but a combination of multiple scenarios simultaneously (MTOPF). The consideration of multiple periods (or scenarios) must be made because after the DTs taps are fixed at planned positions, they do not change during the operation time. So, this tap allocation satisfies different conditions of load and DG penetrations (with pre-establishment of a different combination of scenarios) while minimizing the total electrical losses.Besides the description of the MTOPF proposed, some variations of this main idea were developed in a way to validate its results. We also proposed a parametrization of loads and GD insertions that allowed the execution of each scenario individually. This formulation was named PTOPF, and it can confront the results of a single-period f...

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A three-phase optimal power flow applied to the planning of unbalanced distribution networks

Cited by 34 publications

References 24 publications

Comprehensive Modeling of Three-Phase Distribution Systems via the Bus Admittance Matrix

Comprehensive Modeling of Three-Phase Distribution Systems via the Bus Admittance Matrix

Optimal Power Flow Techniques under Characterization of Conventional and Renewable Energy Sources: A Comprehensive Analysis

Voltage Regulation Planning for Distribution Networks Using Multi-Scenario Three-Phase Optimal Power Flow

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