“…They also illustrate the flow effects on the sound propagation inside the duct. In the literature, other techniques are used to model the duct system like the time domain method which was developed by (Özyörük, Long, 1996;Stanescu et al, 1999;Reichert, Biringen, 1997) and (Sbardella et al, 2001) because of its lowcost computing power and the frequency-domain methods by (McAlpine, Fisher, 2003) and (Özyörük et al, 2004) which are also used because they are much faster. Also, we note some works presenting optimization methods for duct systems such as the works of (Chiu, 2009) and (Chang, Chiu, 2010) to optimize multi-mufflers flow ducts using, respectively, the simulated annealing technique.…”