A time period study on the efficiency of luminol in the detection of bloodstains concealed by paint on different surfaces

Nagesh, D R; Ghosh, Shayani

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.01.028

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The luminol test is very sensitive as compared to the KM test and produces fewer false positives. Moreover, luminol test requires a dark environment [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral Imaging for Bloodstain Identification

Zulfiqar

Ahmad

Sohaib

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Blood is key evidence to reconstruct crime scenes in forensic sciences. Blood identification can help to confirm a suspect, and for that reason, several chemical methods are used to reconstruct the crime scene however, these methods can affect subsequent DNA analysis. Therefore, this study presents a non-destructive method for bloodstain identification using Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI, 397–1000 nm range). The proposed method is based on the visualization of heme-components bands in the 500–700 nm spectral range. For experimental and validation purposes, a total of 225 blood (different donors) and non-blood (protein-based ketchup, rust acrylic paint, red acrylic paint, brown acrylic paint, red nail polish, rust nail polish, fake blood, and red ink) samples (HSI cubes, each cube is of size 1000 × 512 × 224, in which 1000 × 512 are the spatial dimensions and 224 spectral bands) were deposited on three substrates (white cotton fabric, white tile, and PVC wall sheet). The samples are imaged for up to three days to include aging. Savitzky Golay filtering has been used to highlight the subtle bands of all samples, particularly the aged ones. Based on the derivative spectrum, important spectral bands were selected to train five different classifiers (SVM, ANN, KNN, Random Forest, and Decision Tree). The comparative analysis reveals that the proposed method outperformed several state-of-the-art methods.

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“…The luminol test is very sensitive as compared to the KM test and produces fewer false positives. Moreover, luminol test requires a dark environment [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral Imaging for Bloodstain Identification

Zulfiqar

Ahmad

Sohaib

et al. 2021

Sensors

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show abstract

“…Essa reação química possui vantagens analíticas que incluem sua alta sensibilidade, ampla faixa de resposta linear, instrumentação simples e baixos limites de detecção, podendo chegar a diluição de 1:1.000.000 10 , que se devem ao fato da não necessidade de uma fonte de radiação 6 . Porém, existem diversos compostos que podem afetar a reação de QL causada pelo uso do LUM como detergentes, desinfetantes, alvejantes, antissépticos compostos por permanganato de potássio e/ou iodo e, ainda, antioxidantes acrescentados a chás, café, vinhos, cervejas, frutas e legumes 11 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Apesar disso, o padrão da mancha de sangue foi facilmente identificado. Posteriormente Nagesh e Ghosh31 (2017), observaram o resultado obtido através das folhas com três camadas de tinta e viram que estas apresentavam quimioluminescência muito baixa e que a visibilidade do padrão de mancha de sangue era menor comparativamente31 .Outros estudos com o objetivo de ocultar vestígios e dificultar a aplicação do LUM em cenas de crime relacionaram a reação de QL com alimentos. O primeiro a se discutir foi feito por Bancirova38 , no de 2012.…”

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Luminol: Possíveis Interferentes no Estudo de Sangue Humano

Fragoso

Neto²,

Pelegrina³

et al. 2021

BJFS

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O sangue é o único tecido fluido presente no corpo humano, constituído pelas hemácias, leucócitos e plaquetas, sendo responsável por 7 a 8% do peso corporal total. Este tecido conjuntivo desempenha inúmeras funções e, por ser de fácil acesso por meio de punção venosa, é utilizado para estudar os mecanismos fisiológicos do organismo. Em cenas de crimes, o sangue é considerado um dos vestígios de grande interesse pericial para a elucidação do caso. Quando não aparente, utiliza-se o luminol, substância que, quando em contato com H2O2, O2, ClO-, e catalisadores como, por exemplo, o sangue, propriamente dito, e o íon Fe+2 presente na porção heme da hemoglobina, apresenta uma reação que emite luz visível através de radiações eletromagnéticas, chamada de quimioluminescência. Porém existem muitos outros compostos que podem ativar esta reação interferindo, significativamente, na busca por informações que levem ao esclarecimento de um delito. Sendo assim, o presente estudo visa realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os possíveis interferentes no estudo de sangue humano com o objetivo de auxiliar a pesquisa de sangue latente em cenas de crime.

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Phacoemulsification and nucleic acid-enriched aerosol: considerations from an eye model of cataract simulation

Cacciamani

Scarinci

Bruno

et al. 2021

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate whether phacoemulsification can generate aerosolized single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and retain sequence integrity using an artificial eye model for experimental cataract surgery. Methods A simulation of cataract surgery was performed using an anterior chamber eye model filled with an ssRNA probe at different scalar dilutions (kanamycin positive control ssRNA). A plastic conical cage was built over the artificial eye surface of the mock-up. A total of 24 tests (twice reproduced) were performed, and five nitrocellulose strips were placed 15 cm from the artificial surface of the mock-up and used to collect aerosol particles, from each experiment. Phaco-activity was mimicked using a phacoemulsification equipped with a 2.75-mm tip, and strips were removed at the end of the procedure. RNA extraction, reverse transcription, and agarose gel electrophoresis were performed and compared. Results Strips collected aerosol droplets enriched with ssRNA, mainly at the higher concentrations tested, compared to related untouched standard solutions. Complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis confirmed the presence of intact ssRNA fragments. As observed from densitometric analysis of resolved RNA in extracted samples and cDNA bands after retro-transcription, lower concentrations of ssRNA were also detected. Conclusions As the main output of the study, the phaco-generated aerosol can deliver an intact ssRNA sequence. Since the aerosol can potentially reach the operator’s face, any biological agent (virus/bacteria) potentially inside the anterior chamber of a patient undergoing cataract surgery, eventually escaping from biomolecular checks, can be potentially infective for operators. The data reported herein suggest that collective versus individual protective countermeasures should always be encouraged in ocular surgery and should not be restricted to coronavirus disease emergencies.

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A time period study on the efficiency of luminol in the detection of bloodstains concealed by paint on different surfaces

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Hyperspectral Imaging for Bloodstain Identification

Hyperspectral Imaging for Bloodstain Identification

Luminol: Possíveis Interferentes no Estudo de Sangue Humano

Phacoemulsification and nucleic acid-enriched aerosol: considerations from an eye model of cataract simulation

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