A time-stratified case-crossover study of fine particulate matter air pollution and mortality in Guangzhou, China

Yang, Changyuan; Peng, Xiaowu; Huang, Wei; Chen, Renjie; Xu, Zhencheng; Chen, Bingheng; Kan, Haidong

doi:10.1007/s00420-011-0707-7

Cited by 104 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Reference % increase in mortality Global Review (Atkinson et al, 2014) 1.04 (0.52-1.56) USA (1970)(1971)(1972)(1973)(1974)(1975)(1976)(1977)(1978)(1979)(1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986) (Klemm, 2003) (Levy et al, 2012) 1.2 (0.5-1.9) California (1999-2002) (Ostro et al, 2006) 0.6 (0.2-1.0) Spain (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)) (Ostro et al, 2011) 1.4 (0.6-2.3) Australia (1996-1999) (Simpson et al, 2005) 0.9 (-0.7-2.5) Beijing (2007Beijing ( -2008) (Chen et al, 2011) 0.53 (0.37-0.69) Guangzhou (2007-2008) (Yang et al, 2012) …”

Section: Place (Study Year)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of PM2.5 Air Quality at the Indian Capital

Sahu

Kota

2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In New Delhi, the capital city of India, concentrations of regulated air pollutants often exceed the Indian national ambient air quality standards (INAAQS). As the sources of these pollutants differ, it is of utmost priority to understand the most dangerous air pollutant to formulate better control strategies in the city. In this study, regulated air pollutant concentrations in New Delhi during 2011 to 2014 were collected. Compared to other pollutants, PM 2.5 concentrations exceeded the INAAQS quite often. While PM 2.5 exceeded INAAQS during 85% of the days, NO 2 , O 3 , CO and SO 2 exceeded only on 37, 14, 11 and 0% of the days, respectively. Using air quality index approach, the most dominant pollutant was identified as PM 2.5 , for 75 to 90% of the days. However, a seasonal variation in the percentage dominance of PM 2.5 was observed. For example, PM 2.5 was dominant during 95% of the winter and 68% of monsoon days. In addition to absolute concentrations, pollutants can also be ranked by studying their associated short term mortality impacts. However, such studies are rare in India. For the first time, the short term impact of PM 2.5 concentrations on non-disease specific mortality in New Delhi was assessed using Poisson regression models. Results indicated that the excessive risk associated with PM 2.5 estimated was 0.57, which was higher than the other regulated pollutants. This indicates a projected 6.2 and 6.5% decrease in mortality by meeting the PM 2.5 Indian standards and WHO set limits, respectively.

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Section: Place (Study Year)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of PM2.5 Air Quality at the Indian Capital

Sahu

Kota

2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Lu et al (2015) found that a 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 relates to a 0.63% increase due to CVD mortality. Another study also reported that an increase of 10 μg/m 3 in 2-day moving average concentration of PM 2.5 corresponds to 1.22% increase of CVD mortality (Yang et al, 2011). The latest research (Shah et al, 2013) reviewed that per 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 concentration is associated with 2.12% increase of heart failure (HF) hospitalisation or death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The involvement of Nox4 in fine particulate matter exposure-induced cardiac injury in mice

Wu¹,

Zhang²

2018

J. Toxicol. Sci.

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-Epidemiological studies have confirmed that ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) exposure is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the underlying mechanisms in PM 2.5 exposure-induced heart injury are largely unknown. It has been acknowledged that NADPH oxidase (Nox) 4 plays a critical role in CVD development. To investigate the acute effects of PM 2.5 on the mouse heart and the role of Nox4 in PM 2.5 exposure-induced cardiac injury, C57BL/6J mice were instilled with saline or 1.5, 3.0, 6.0 mg/kg BW PM 2.5 suspension for two weeks (five days per week). The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), super oxide dismutase (SOD), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β in heart supernatants were determined using related kits. The expression of Nox4, p67 phox , p47 phox and p22 phox in heart tissue was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining or Western blotting, respectively. Protein levels of p53, Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in the heart were examined using immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. TUNEL assay was used to measure myocardial apoptosis. PM 2.5 exposure leads to obvious cardiac injury. PM 2.5 exposure increases MDA level and iNOS activity, and decreases activity of SOD in heart supernatants of mice. High levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in heart supernatants of mice with PM 2.5 instillation were determined. Nox4 and Noxassociated subunits such as p67 phox , p47 phox and p22 phox expression levels were increased in heart tissue of mice after PM 2.5 exposure. Additionally, PM 2.5 exposure causes myocardial apoptosis in the mouse heart. This study suggested that Nox4 is involved in PM 2.5 exposure-induced cardiac injury in mice.

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“…Other research [17] has supported this fact by showing that those under the age of 65 are less likely than their older counterparts to be hospitalized for CVDs during PM2.5 exposure. Women might be more susceptible because of hormones, but research on the interaction between sex and air pollution has not yet proved such a thing [31]. ER visits for respiratory problems occurs more often in the <65 years of age, and sex differences in this case do not differ significantly in the OR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…First, we used outdoor monitoring stations to collect the average daily air pollution levels and other weather variables as our representatives for human exposure to air pollutants. However, other factors -such as the use of air conditioning and the ventilation between indoors and outdoors -might influence how representative our sample truly is, thereby affecting our results and their implications [31]. Second, our study did not include individual behavioral data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of PM<sub>2.5</sub> from Asian Dust Storms on Emergency Room Visits for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases

Liu¹,

Liao²,

Kuo³

2017

Preprint

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Abstract:A case-crossover study examined how PM2.5 from Asian Dust Storms (ADS) affects the number of emergency room (ER) admissions for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and respiratory diseases (RDs). Our data indicated that PM2.5 concentration from ADS was highly correlated with ER visits for CVDs and RDs. The odds ratios (OR) increased by 2.92 (95% CI: 1.22-5.08) and 1.86 (95% CI: 1.30-2.91) per increase 10 µg/m 3 in PM2.5 levels, for CVDs and RDs, respectively. A 10 µg/m 3 increase in PM2.5 from ADSs was significantly associated with increase in ER visits for CVDs among those 65 years of age and older (an increase of 2.77 in OR) and for females (an increase of 3.09 in OR). In contrast, PM2.5 levels had a significant impact on RD ER visits among those under 65 years of age (OR=1.77). The risk of ER visits for CVDs increased on the day when the ADS occurred in Taiwan and the day after (lag 0 and lag 1); the corresponding risk increase for RDs only increased on the fifth day after the ADS (lag 5). In Taiwan's late winter and spring, the severity of ER visits for CVDs and RDs increases. Environmental protection agencies should employ an early warning system for ADS to reduce high-risk groups' exposure to PM2.5.

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A time-stratified case-crossover study of fine particulate matter air pollution and mortality in Guangzhou, China

Abstract: Our findings provided new information for the adverse health effects of PM(2.5) in China, and may have some implications for environmental policy making and standard setting in Guangzhou.

Cited by 104 publications

References 33 publications

Significance of PM2.5 Air Quality at the Indian Capital

Significance of PM2.5 Air Quality at the Indian Capital

The involvement of Nox4 in fine particulate matter exposure-induced cardiac injury in mice

The Effects of PM<sub>2.5</sub> from Asian Dust Storms on Emergency Room Visits for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases

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