A Time Synchronization Scheme based on RPL for 6LoWPAN Networks

Wang, Maosen; Zou, Zhimou; Pu, Chenggen; Wang, Ping; Yin, Yandan

doi:10.1109/cac51589.2020.9326589

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…RPL nodes can trigger correction processes when anomalies are observed. These structures would also sustain the network's topology in connection and node failures [97]. A preferred parent is not usable; the local correction process requires choosing another route for routing packets and selecting another parent node among its parent record.…”

Section: Rpl Routing Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Review of Intrusion Detection Systems in RPL Routing Protocol Based on Machine Learning for Internet of Things Applications

Seyfollahi

Ghaffari

2021

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IPv6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL) has been developed as a routing agent in low-power and lossy networks (LLN), where nodes’ resource constraint nature is challenging. This protocol operates at the network layer and can create routing and optimally distribute routing information between nodes. RPL is a low-power, high-throughput IPv6 routing protocol that uses distance vectors. Each sensor-to-wire network router has a collection of fixed parents and a preferred parent on the path to the Destination-oriented directed acyclic graph (DODAG) graph’s root in steady-state. Each router part of the graph sends DODAG information object (DIO) control messages and specifies its rank within the graph, indicating its position within the network relative to the root. When a node receives a DIO message, it determines its network rank, which must be higher than all its parents’ rank, and then continues sending DIO messages using the trickle timer. As a result, DODAG begins at the root and eventually extends to encompass the whole network. This paper is the first review to study intrusion detection systems in the RPL protocol based on machine learning (ML) techniques to the best of our knowledge. The complexity of the new attack models identified for RPL and the efficiency of ML in intelligent and collaborative threats detection, and the issues of deploying ML in challenging LLN environments underscore the importance of research in this area. The analysis is done using research sources of “Google Scholar,” “Crossref,” “Scopus,” and “Web of Science” resources. The evaluations are assessed for studies from 2016 to 2021. The results are illustrated with tables and figures.

show abstract

Section: Rpl Routing Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As various inconsistencies malfunction due to the 15 Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing local correction mechanisms, the DODAG root may begin to correct globally by increasing the Number of DODAG graphs. Then, the RPL network is completely reconstructed [97]. 6.5.…”

Section: Rpl Routing Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Intrusion Detection Systems in RPL Routing Protocol Based on Machine Learning for Internet of Things Applications

Seyfollahi

Ghaffari

2021

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

A broadcast sub-GHz framework for unmanned aerial vehicles clock synchronization

Cecchinato,

Scagnetto,

Toma

et al. 2023

ICA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nowadays, set of cooperative drones are commonly used as aerial sensors, in order to monitor areas and track objects of interest (think, e.g., of border and coastal security and surveillance, crime control, disaster management, emergency first responder, forest and wildlife, traffic monitoring). The drones generate a quite large and continuous in time multimodal (audio, video and telemetry) data stream towards a ground control station with enough computing power and resources to store and process it. Hence, due to the distributed nature of this setting, further complicated by the movement and varying distance among drones, and to possible interferences and obstacles compromising communications, a common clock between the nodes is of utmost importance to make feasible a correct reconstruction of the multimodal data stream from the single datagrams, which may be received out of order or with different delays. A framework architecture, using sub-GHz broadcasting communications, is proposed to ensure time synchronization for a set of drones, allowing one to recover even in difficult situations where the usual time sources, e.g. GPS, NTP etc., are not available for all the devices. Such architecture is then implemented and tested using LoRa radios and Raspberry Pi computers. However, other sub-GHz technologies can be used in the place of LoRa, and other kinds of single-board computers can substitute the Raspberry Pis, making the proposed solution easily customizable, according to specific needs. Moreover, the proposal is low cost, since it does not require expensive hardware like, e.g., onboard Rubidium based atomic clocks. Our experiments indicate a worst case skew of about 16 ms between drones clocks, using cheap components commonly available in the market. This is sufficient to deal with audio/video footage at 30 fps. Hence, it can be viewed as a useful and easy to implement architecture helping to maintain a decent synchronization even when traditional solutions are not available.

show abstract

A Time Synchronization Scheme based on RPL for 6LoWPAN Networks

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

A Review of Intrusion Detection Systems in RPL Routing Protocol Based on Machine Learning for Internet of Things Applications

A Review of Intrusion Detection Systems in RPL Routing Protocol Based on Machine Learning for Internet of Things Applications

A broadcast sub-GHz framework for unmanned aerial vehicles clock synchronization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About