A tomographic osteology of the taxonomically puzzling catfishKryptoglanis shajii(Siluriformes, Siluroidei,incertae sedis): description and a first phylogenetic interpretation

Phylogenetic relationships of the South American Doradoidea (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes)

“…The Sisoroidea was herein represented by the Aspredinidae, Erethistidae, and Sisoridae, but it also includes the Akysidae, Amblicipitidae (de Pinna, 1996(de Pinna, , 1998Lundberg et al, 2014). One of the characters supporting the clade Sisoroidea plus Aspredinidae, Mochokidae and Doradoidea, the elongate processes of the dorsal-fin spinelet (#236: 0>1), is an exclusive feature among catfishes, present only in the Akysidae, Amblicipitidae, Auchenipteridae, Erethistidae, and Doradidae.…”

“…Taxonomic nomenclature follows the most recent classification of the Siluriformes as summarized by Ferraris (2007), Eschmeyer (2014) and Lundberg et al (2014), and includes Doradoidea (=Doradidae plus Auchenipteridae),to Oxydoras niger; †Doras dionae, a fossil species recently diagnosed by Sabaj-Pérez et al (2007) on the basis of a partial pectoral girdle; Doras micropoeus and D. zuanoni, two of the five valid extant species of Doras, recently revised by ; Hassar shewellkeimi and H. wilderi, two of the five valid species of Hassar, also recently revised Sabaj-Pérez & Birindelli, 2013); eight of the 12 species of Leptodoras, also recently revised (Sabaj, 2005;Birindelli et al, 2008;Birindelli & Sousa, 2010); Acanthodoras depressus and A. spinosissimus, two of three species of the genus, in need of a taxonomic revision; Agamyxis pectinifrons, one of two species of Agamyxis, recently revised (Sousa, 2010); and all Astrodoradinae, except Astrodoras asterifrons, Scorpiodoras heckelii, and Anadoras grypus, a subfamily under study by Leandro Sousa (UFPA) (see Sousa, 2010 for unpublished results). On the other hand, an intriguing undescribed species of Platydoras was included because it possesses characters of both Platydoras (color pattern) and Centrochir (gas bladder morphology, see Birindelli et al, 2009).…”

Two new, remarkably colored species of the Neotropical catfish genus Cetopsorhamdia Eigenmann & Fisher, 1916 (Siluriformes, Heptapteridae) from Chapada dos Parecis, western Brazil, with an assessment of the morphological characters bearing on their phylogenetic relationships

“…One of the most diversified and widely distributed Neotropical catfish families is Heptapteridae, currently totaling 23 valid genera and 228 valid species (Phreatobius Göldi, 1905 has been excluded and assigned to its own family - Sullivan et al, 2013;Lundberg et al, 2014). Heptapterids inhabit freshwater water bodies draining into the Atlantic Ocean from northern Mexico to southern Argentina and to the Pacific Ocean from northern Mexico to southern Peru (Bockmann & Guazzelli, 2003;Bockmann & Ferraris-Jr., 2005;Fricke et al, 2021).…”

Ontogeny of the catfish pectoral‐fin spine (Teleostei: Siluriformes)

“…Morphology of the spinous pectoral-fin ray varies significantly across the order (Figure 2) with some species sporting large saw-like projections along the anterior and/or posterior edge of the spine (Figure 2c,d,h,i), some with smooth, blade-like spines (Figure 2b, f ) and others with cylindrical spines that are covered with odontodes ( Figure 2k,l), tooth-like structures composed of dentine with an enamel cap (Alexander, 1966;Arratia, 2003;rvig, 1967;Peyer, 1922;Reed, 1924;Sire & Huysseune, 1996;Vanscoy, Lundberg, & Luckenbill, 2015). In some groups, such as the highly rheophilic sisorids and amphiliids, the anteriormost pectoral-fin ray has been modified to form a flat and highly flexible structure that is heavily pinnate and provides support to a thick, keratinized skin pad (Figure 2e ;Hora, 1922;Annandale, 1923;Conway, Lujan, Lundberg, Mayden, & Siegel 2012) and in others, such as the trichomycterids, malapterurids and the monotypic Kryptoglanidae, has even been reduced to a state resembling that of a more typical fin ray (Figure 2j; Britz, Kakkassery, & Raghavan, 2014;Lundberg, Luckenbill, Babu, & Ng, 2014;Vanscoy et al, 2015). Additionally, an association between the pectoral-fin spine and toxin producing cells is common and may have evolved independently multiple times within the order (Wright, 2009).…”