“…e-forums, e-consultation, e-referenda, e-mailing, online decision-making, e-campaigning, e-voting, and e-petitioning) (Coleman & Norris, 2005;Şendağ, 2010, factors affecting participation such as political knowledge, political talk, digital integrity, digital citizenship, digital divide, mobile device use, ICT use, gender, income, education level, and age (Bailey & Ngwenyama, 2011;Şendağ, 2010;Şendağ & Toker, 2016;Shelley II et al, 2006;Shirazi et al, 2010). A considerable amount of research on the participation of pre-service teachers in e-democracy have been done (Karickhoff & Howley, 1997;Macintosh et al, 2003;Oral, 2008;Şendağ, 2010;Şendağ & Toker, 2016;Ünlü, 2017;Yiğit & Çolak, 2010) while the same is not true for inservice teachers (Kolfschoten, 2012;Park, 2018). Moreover, the quality of participation in e-democracy applications in educational settings refers to a crucial research gap to fulfill.…”