A toxicity-based method for evaluating safety of reclaimed water for environmental reuses

Health risk assessment of heavy metals through consumption of vegetables irrigated with reclaimed urban wastewater in Algeria

“…Many countries around the world with limited freshwater resource due to the extreme climate, growth of the population and economical development have opted for this way to face the water crisis (Angelakis et al, 1999;Xu et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2011). However, the safety of reclaimed water (e.g., municipal effluent from the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP)) is are harmful for liver, kidney or lung while others are carcinogenic (Brewer, 2010;Jarup, 2003;Martin and Griswold, 2009).…”

Investigation and assessment of micropollutants and associated biological effects in wastewater treatment processes

“…Although, the secondary effluent achieved domestic wastewater discharge standards, the bioluminescence inhibition effect from the domestic wastewater should pay much attention. Xu et al (2014) proposed an integrated toxicity assessment method and indicated that the bioluminescence inhibition effect from reclaimed water was also the dominant biological effect that needed to be controlled. Ma et al (2019) indicated that compared to photosynthesis inhibition effect and genotoxicity, the non-specific bioluminescence inhibition effect from secondary effluent was the most difficult biological effect to be removed by advanced treatments, such as coagulation, ultraviolet photolysis and photocatalysis.…”

The treatability of trace organic pollutants in WWTP effluent and associated biotoxicity reduction by advanced treatment processes for effluent quality improvement

“…A defect that impedes the widespread application of bioassays is the lack of assessment methods to indicate which level of biological response is acceptable for ecological safety (Xu et al, 2014). Recently, studies have been engaged in the derivation of effectbased trigger (EBT) values to define the thresholds of bioassays.…”