A TrAC journey into water-chemical metrology in the European Union

Quevauviller, Ph.

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2006.11.014

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Quality-control of public drinking water is one the priorities of government environmental agencies due to the increase of environmental pollutants, such as pesticides, in surface water as a result of the extensive usage of pesticides in agriculture [1][2][3]. Several potential health effects such as damage to the eyes, liver, kidneys and spleen, anemia and increased risk of cancer derive from long-term exposure to pesticides above the maximum contaminant levels (MCL) [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-laboratory validation of a thin film microextraction technique for determination of pesticides in surface water samples

Piri‐Moghadam

Gionfriddo

Rodríguez-Lafuente

et al. 2017

Analytica Chimica Acta

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The primary goal of the present study is the inter-laboratory evaluation of a thin film microextraction (TFME) technique to be used as an alternative approach to liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) and PDMS/DVB-carbon mesh supported membranes were used for the extraction of 23 targeted pesticides, while a thermal desorption unit (TDU) was employed to transfer these analytes to a GC/MS instrument for separation and detection. After optimization of the most critical parameters, both membranes were capable of achieving limits of detection (LOD) in the low ng L range while demonstrating excellent robustness, withstanding up to 100 extractions/desorption cycles. Furthermore, limits of quantification (LOQ) between 0.025 and 0.50 μg L were achieved for the 23 compounds selected from several classes of pesticides with a wide range of polarities. A wide linear range of 0.025-10.0 μg L with strong correlation to response (R > 0.99) was attained for most of the studied analytes. Both membranes showed good accuracy and repeatability at three levels of concentration. Moreover, the method was also validated through blind split analyses of 18 surface water samples, collected within 3 months, using TFME at the University of Waterloo and LLE at Maxxam Analytics (Mississauga, ON) which is an accredited commercial analytical laboratory. Good agreement between the two methods was achieved with accuracy values ranging from 70 to 130%, for the majority of analytes in the samples collected. At the concentration levels investigated, 90% of the analytes were quantifiable by TFME, whereas only 53% of the compounds were reportable using the LLE method particularly at concentrations lower than 1 μg L. The comparison of TFME and LLE from several analytical aspects demonstrated that the novel TFME method gave similar accuracy to LLE, while providing additional advantages including higher sensitivity, lower sample volume, thus reduced waste production, and faster analytical throughput. Given the sensitivity, simplicity, low cost, accuracy, greenness and relatively fast procedure of TFME, it shows great potential for adoption in analytical laboratories as an alternative to LLE.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-laboratory validation of a thin film microextraction technique for determination of pesticides in surface water samples

Piri‐Moghadam

Gionfriddo

Rodríguez-Lafuente

et al. 2017

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…At Spanish level, some guidelines are provided for the management of dredged material in harbours, with special mention to the importance of evaluating their biological impact (CEDEX 1994;. Besides, the European Water Framework Directive (WFD; EU WFD (2000)) aims to establish a new legislative framework for Community action in order to manage, use, protect and restore continental, transitional (estuaries) and coastal waters in Europe (Borja 2005;Quevauviller 2007). In this context, the integration of both, biological effect measurements and traditional chemical methods, is being considered increasingly important for the proper assessment of environmental quality and for the management of contaminated materials (Borja et al 2004;Chapman and Anderson 2005;Fernández et al 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative sediment assessment at Atlantic Spanish harbours by means of chemical and ecotoxicological tools

Montero

Belzunce-Segarra

Menchaca

et al. 2012

Environ Monit Assess

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This study refers to the integrative assessment of sediment quality in three harbour areas at the Spanish Atlantic Coast: Vigo (Northwestern Spain), Bilbao and Pasajes (Northern Spain). At each site, two lines of evidence have been considered: chemical analyses (metal, PAH and PCB concentrations in sediments and ammonia concentration in bioassays) and toxicity tests (Microtox®, Corophium sp. marine amphipod and Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin larvae). Chemical and ecotoxicological results have been integrated by means of a tabular matrix and a multivariate factorial analysis (FA). Highly toxic samples have been characterised in Vigo and Pasajes harbours while Bilbao samples present toxicity levels ranging from non-toxic to moderately toxic. High toxicity is associated with high levels of contaminants whereas confounding factors (ammonia, organic matter and mud) have been identified to be the main cause of low to moderate toxicity. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that deriving potential toxicity of sediments based on comparison with Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) is in agreement to toxicity results in areas presenting high levels of contaminants. However, at lower levels of toxicity (low to moderate), the mismatch between the potential toxicity (SQG approach) and the toxicity measured by bioassays is greater, as the former only accounts for chemical concentrations, without considering the interaction between contaminants and the effect of confounding factors. Contrarily, the multivariate analysis seems to be a robust tool for the integration and interpretation of different lines of evidence in areas affected by different sources of contamination.

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“…Additionally, concerns for demonstrable comparability and reliability of data generated by modern measurement methods were addressed by Quevauviller (2007). (Batt et al, 2007).…”

Section: Quality Assurance/quality Control (Qa/qc)mentioning

confidence: 99%