A traffic-induced shift of ultrafine particle sources under COVID-19 soft lockdown in a subtropical urban area

Chen, Tse-Lun; Hsiao, Ta-Chih; Chen, Albert Y.; Chang, Kuo-En; Lin, Tzu-Chi; Griffith, Stephen M.; Chou, Charles C.-K.

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2024.108658

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 62 publications

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“…particularly when these 3-digit zip codes cover large administrative regions. Variations in PM10 exposure within zip codes could arise from various complex factors, including the presence of green spaces around residences (Meo et al, 2021), levels of outdoor activities (Jung et al, 2019), the dispersion characteristics of PM10 emitted by road transport near participants' homes (Pospisil et al, 2020), traffic patterns around patients' residences that influence particle number size distribution (Chen et al, 2024), and the distance between patients' residence and the coordinated monitoring station. In addition, fixed monitoring stations do not provide information about specific PM components or sources relevant to health effects, which might also lead to potential exposure misclassification.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Long-term PM10 Exposure with Mortality in Dialysis Patients: A Population Based Cohort Study

Chen,

Chien,

Lai

et al. 2024

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Exposure to PM2.5 has been observed to be associated with an increased risk of mortality in dialysis patients, while sporadic studies have hinted at the adverse effects of coarse particulate matter (PM10) on kidney health. However, the impact of PM10 on survival in end-stage renal disease patients remains unclear. To address this gap, we conducted a retrospective cohort study, linking the Taiwan Air Quality-Monitoring Database (TAQMD) with the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) based on patients' zip codes. We included 34,088 adult dialysis patients living in areas with ambient measurements of PM10, NO2, CO, and SO2 between 1 January, 2000 and 31 December, 2013. We used a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model to estimate mortality risk and observed that each interquartile range (IQR) increase in the mean PM10 concentration during follow-up period was associated with a 13.2% higher risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.132, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.097-1.169). Even in twopollutant scenarios, the association between long-term exposure to PM10 and mortality remained significant. Spline analysis demonstrated a non-linear concentration-response relationship between PM10 and mortality, with an increase in aHR when the average PM10 exposure exceeded a threshold of 43 μg m -3 . Stratification analysis revealed that male patients had a significantly higher increase in mortality risk per IQR increase in PM10 compared to female patients (aHR 1.185 vs. 1.074; pinteraction < 0.001). Our study demonstrated a significant association between long-term ambient PM10 exposure and mortality risk among dialysis patients, especially in males. A non-linear

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Long-term PM10 Exposure with Mortality in Dialysis Patients: A Population Based Cohort Study

Chen,

Chien,

Lai

et al. 2024

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Challenges in Observation of Ultrafine Particles: Addressing Estimation Miscalculations and the Necessity of Temporal Trends

Lin,

Chiueh,

Hsiao

2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Ultrafine particles (UFPs) pose a significant health risk, making comprehensive assessment essential. The influence of emission sources on particle concentrations is not only constrained by meteorological conditions but often intertwined with them, making it challenging to separate these effects. This study utilized valuable long-term particle number and size distribution (PNSD) data from 2018 to 2023 to develop a tree-based machine learning model enhanced with an interpretable component, incorporating temporal markers to characterize background or time series residuals. Our results demonstrated that, differing from PM 2.5 , which is significantly shaped by planetary boundary layer height, wind speed plays a crucial role in determining the particle number concentration (PNC), showing strong regional specificity. Furthermore, we systematically identified and analyzed anthropogenically influenced periodic trends. Notably, while Aitken mode observations are initially linked to traffic-related peaks, both Aitken and nucleation modes contribute to concentration peaks during rush hour periods on short-term impacts after deweather adjustment. Pollutant baseline concentrations are largely driven by human activities, with meteorological factors modulating their variability, and the secondary formation of UFPs is likely reflected in temporal residuals. This study provides a flexible framework for isolating meteorological effects, allowing more accurate assessment of anthropogenic impacts and targeted management strategies for UFP and PNC.

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Air Quality in the Cartagena Basin in South-Western Europe and the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Moreno-Cegarra,

Pérez,

García

2024

Atmosphere

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The port of Cartagena, south-east Spain, is noted for its intense activity. This paper presents the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the recorded levels of six pollutants. Fifteen years of measurements were used, with two objectives. The first was to investigate how these pollutants evolved, together with their usual cycles. The second objective was to ascertain whether the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the concentrations recorded. The results showed that nitrogen oxide concentrations remained steady in the first half of the measurement period and decreased in the second half. SO2 concentrations decreased irregularly, whereas O3 and PM10 presented steady concentrations. The annual cycle was observed for nitrogen oxides and O3. Only SO2 evidenced no weekly cycle. Finally, the analysis of pre- and post-pandemic concentrations revealed a sharp decrease in nitrogen oxides, whereas the pandemic was not seen to have had any impact on the other pollutants. In addition, NO2 emerged as the best indicator of human activity––represented by car and maritime traffic––due to its response to the relaxation measures. Finally, Lamb weather types were calculated. The unclassified type was the most frequent. However, the greatest concentration changes were observed for anticyclonic and eastern flow types.

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A traffic-induced shift of ultrafine particle sources under COVID-19 soft lockdown in a subtropical urban area

Cited by 3 publications

References 62 publications

Associations of Long-term PM10 Exposure with Mortality in Dialysis Patients: A Population Based Cohort Study

Associations of Long-term PM10 Exposure with Mortality in Dialysis Patients: A Population Based Cohort Study

Challenges in Observation of Ultrafine Particles: Addressing Estimation Miscalculations and the Necessity of Temporal Trends

Air Quality in the Cartagena Basin in South-Western Europe and the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

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