A transform margin in the Mesozoic Tethys: evidence from the Swiss Alps

Weissert, Helmut; Bernoulli, Daniel

doi:10.1007/bf01821220

Cited by 150 publications

(79 citation statements)

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“…Lithospheric stretching and crustal thinning resulting from normal listric faulting also took place within the former continental crust of the Czorsztyn Ridge. Sedimentation was dominated by extensional tectonics accompanied by block motions responsible for graben-horst formation and the resulting morphological escarpments (Weissert and Bernoulli 1985). A general scheme of the lithostratigraphy, illustrating the relationships between the klippen (Sub-Pieniny) and PeriKlippen Grajcarek and Magura) basins is presented in Fig.…”

Section: Evolution Of the Pieniny-subpieniny Basin During The Jurassimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Šariš Transitional Zone, revealing interactions between Pieniny Klippen Belt, Outer Carpathians and European platform

Jurewicz

2018

Swiss J Geosci

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The Pieniny Klippen Belt (PKB) is a narrow structure delineating the boundary between the Central and Outer Carpathians. It is built of nappes stacked during the Cretaceous and Paleocene and then re-folded in the Miocene during the formation of the Outer Carpathian overthrusts. The internal structure of the PKB at the Polish/Slovakian border first formed during northward nappe thrusting processes, which were most intense at the turn of the Cretaceous to the Paleocene. A secondary factor is the change in strike of the PKB turning from W-E to WNW-

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Section: Evolution Of the Pieniny-subpieniny Basin During The Jurassimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Šariš Transitional Zone, revealing interactions between Pieniny Klippen Belt, Outer Carpathians and European platform

Jurewicz

2018

Swiss J Geosci

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“…Several paleogeographic reconstructions suggest that the Western Tethys basin was highly fragmented by regional-scale E-W trending transform faults (e.g. Beccaluva et al, 1984;Lemoine, 1985;Weissert and Bernoulli, 1985).…”

Section: Jurassic Paleogeography Of the Alpine Tethysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Alpine Tethys realm a good marker layer for the distal Adriatic margin and the South Penninic basin is provided by the early post-rift Mn-rich radiolarian cherts deposited directly on exhumed subcontinental mantle in the late Middle to early Late Jurassic (Figs. 7a and b;Weissert and Bernoulli, 1985). In case of marked rift- related topography or sediment-starved environments, younger post-rift sediments can be found onlapping top-basement surfaces or pre-to synrift lithologies residing along local highs (Fig.…”

Section: Jurassic Paleogeography Of the Alpine Tethysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognizing remnants of magma-poor rifted margins in high-pressure orogenic belts: The Alpine case study

Beltrando

Manatschal

Mohn

et al. 2014

Earth-Science Reviews

125

104

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. Magma-poor rifted margins are being increasingly recognized in present-day Atlantic-type systems. However, findings of fossil areas floored by exhumed mantle or hyper-extended crust are comparatively rare within orogenic belts that were originated through the inversion of pre-existing rifted margins. This discrepancy may be due to the common reactivation of lithological contacts during subduction/orogeny, potentially masking pre-orogenic relationships, and, most importantly, to the frequent lack of a preorogenic layer-cake architecture, hindering retro-deformation of multiply deformed tectonic units. This study outlines a methodology to detect sections of magma-poor, hyper-extended rifted margins without a layer-cake architecture in multiply deformed/metamorphosed terrains. This approach is defined by comparison to well studied examples of fossil analogues preserved in weakly deformed parts of Alpine orogens. In the latter domains, continental basement and hydrated peridotites were exhumed at the basin floor during Jurassic rifting along long-offset detachment systems. Extensional geometries locally resulted in tectonic sampling of laterally discontinuous slivers of allochthonous continental basement and pre-rift sediments from the hanging wall blocks. Lithostratigraphic associations consisting of continental basement rocks directly juxtaposed with syn-to post-rift meta-sediments and/or serpentinized subcontinental mantle are widespread within sections of Alpine-type orogenic belts that underwent high-to ultra-high-pressure metamorphism. However, similar associations may arise from a variety of processes other than rift-related lithospheric thinning in magma-poor environments, including subduction mélange dynamics or deposition of sedimentary mélanges along convergent/divergent margins. The partial preservation of rift-related lithostratigraphic associations may still be assessed, despite the lack of biostratigraphic evidence, by (1) the consistency of the lithostratigraphic architecture over large areas, despite pervasive Alpine deformation, which rules out chaotic mixing during subduction/ exhumation, (2) the presence of clasts of basement rocks in the neighboring meta-sediments, indicating the original proximity of the different lithologies, (3) evidence of brittle deformation in continental basement and ultramafic rocks pre-dating Alpine metamorphism, indicating that they were juxtaposed by fault activity prior to the deposition of post-rift sediments, and (4) the similar Alpine tectono-metamorphic evolution of ophiolites, continental basement and meta-sediments. A re-assessment of basement-cover relationships in...

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“…By their cha otic na ture and pres ence of olistoliths of var i ous prov enance, in clud ing rock of the Austroalpine (Infratatric) mar gin, the Senonian strata of the Belice Unit are sim i lar to the olistostrome/mélange units oc cur ring in zones around the Up per Penninic-Austroalpine bound ary in the East ern Alps. These zones in clude e.g., the Platta Nappe and Arosa Zone (Dietrich, 1970;Weissert and Bernoulli, 1985), the "Tauern Flysch" and Matrei Zone (Frisch et al, 1987), part of the Klammkalkzone (Ślączka et al, 2011), or the Ybbsitz Klippen Belt (Decker, 1990;Homayoun and Faupl, 1992;Schnabel, 1992). Hence, although the Penninic-Vahic af fil i a tion of the Belice Unit and the pres ence of any such el e ments in the Carpathians were questioned by some au thors (Rakús and Hók, 2005;Ivanička and Kohút, 2011), we still re gard pro lon ga tion of the South Penninic oce anic zone into the Carpathians as in ev i ta ble for geodynamic rea sons.…”

Section: Belice Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jurassic syn-rift and Cretaceous syn-orogenic, coarse-grained deposits related to opening and closure of the Vahic (South Penninic) Ocean in the Western Carpathians – an overview

Plašienka

2012

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Al though no un doubted oce anic crustal rock com plexes of Penninic af fin ity par tic i pate in the pres ent sur face struc ture of the West ern Carpathians, in di rect lines of ev i dence sug gest pro lon ga tion of the South Penninic-Vahic oce anic tract into the an cient Carpathians. The sed i men tary re cord of both the syn-rift and syn-orogenic clastic de pos its re veal their or i gin be tween the outer Tatric (Austroalpine) and the in ner Oravic (Mid dle Penninic) mar gins. The rift ing re gime is ex em pli fied by the nor mal fault-re lated scarp brec cias of the Ju ras sic Borinka Unit in the Malé Karpaty Mts., which are char ac ter ized by lo cal, grad u ally de nuded source ar eas. Two other re gions pro vide exam ples of a contractional re gime, both re lated to short en ing and clo sure of the Vahic oce anic do main. The Belice Unit in the Považský Inovec Mts. in cludes Up per Ju ras sic-Lower Cre ta ceous eupelagic, mostly si li ceous de pos its and a thick en ing-up wards Senonian sequence of turbiditic sand stones, con glom er ates and cha otic brec cias. It is in ferred that this suc ces sion rep re sents the sed i men tary cover of oce anic crust ap proach ing a trench, its in cor po ra tion in the accretionary com plex and fi nally underthrusting be low the outer Tatric mar gin. In the Oravic units of the Pieniny Klippen Belt, deep-ma rine con glom er ate/brec cia bod ies with olistoliths in di cate col li sion-related thrust stack ing that started from the Maastrichtian (Gregorianka Brec cia of the Sub-Pieniny Unit) and ter mi nated with the Lower Eocene Milpoš Brec cia in the Šariš Unit. In ad di tion, a ten ta tive re cy cling scheme of "ex otic" clastic ma te rial from mid-Cre ta ceous conglom er ates of the Klape Unit to var i ous Klippen Belt units is out lined. This ma te rial is con sid ered to be un re lated to the Vahic oce anic realm and its clo sure, and likely rep re sents ero sional prod ucts of more dis tant orogenic zones. Dušan Plašienka, De part ment of Ge ol ogy and Palae on tol ogy, Fac ulty of Nat u ral Sci ences, Comenius Uni ver sity,

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A transform margin in the Mesozoic Tethys: evidence from the Swiss Alps

Cited by 150 publications

References 20 publications

The Šariš Transitional Zone, revealing interactions between Pieniny Klippen Belt, Outer Carpathians and European platform

The Šariš Transitional Zone, revealing interactions between Pieniny Klippen Belt, Outer Carpathians and European platform

Recognizing remnants of magma-poor rifted margins in high-pressure orogenic belts: The Alpine case study

Jurassic syn-rift and Cretaceous syn-orogenic, coarse-grained deposits related to opening and closure of the Vahic (South Penninic) Ocean in the Western Carpathians – an overview

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