A Transmissible, Cumulative, and Reversible Factor in Aging

Lansing, Albert I.

doi:10.1093/geronj/2.3.228

Cited by 213 publications

(178 citation statements)

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“…But, Lints and co-workers are not alone in such a finding. Lansing (1947;1954), O'Brian (1961), Callahan (1962, and Flemmings and Ludwig (1964) have all recorded somewhat similar outcomes. In every case, reproduction at a late age in life caused a rapid decline in longevity, resulting in some instances in extinction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

A density threshold for the expression of longevity in Drosophila melanogaster

Luckinbill

Clare

1986

Heredity

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

A density threshold for the expression of longevity in Drosophila melanogaster

Luckinbill

Clare

1986

Heredity

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“…However, information is scarce as to the contribution of immunity-by-age interactions to phenotypic expression, and the extent to which their effects may be transmitted across generations, hence contributing to the non-genetic variance underpinning offspring phenotypic expression. This is surprising considering the tangible parallel research attention devoted to the study of transgenerational age effects on the one hand [6,13,15,17,52], and transgenerational immune effects on the other hand, demonstrating immune responses resulting from both live pathogens and non-replicating immune elicitors [3,9,28,33]. We contend that the existence of parental age-immunity interactions could have important evolutionary and ecological implications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The majority of eukaryotes exhibit declines in physiological performance associated with increasing age [10][11][12], which renders age-mediated variance in parental condition a likely source of variance contributing to patterns of expression in the offspring phenotype [13,14]. Most notably, it is well established that old mothers often produce shorter-lived offspring, a phenomenon known as 'the Lansing effect' [13,15,16]. Parental age effects have also been documented for other components of offspring life history, such as indices of reproductive output [10,13,16 -18] and development or growth rates [14,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenerational interactions involving parental age and immune status affect female reproductive success inDrosophila melanogaster

Nystrand

Dowling

2014

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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It is well established that the parental phenotype can influence offspring phenotypic expression, independent of the effects of the offspring's own genotype. Nonetheless, the evolutionary implications of such parental effects remain unclear, partly because previous studies have generally overlooked the potential for interactions between parental sources of non-genetic variance to influence patterns of offspring phenotypic expression. We tested for such interactions, subjecting male and female Drosophila melanogaster of two different age classes to an immune activation challenge or a control treatment. Flies were then crossed in all age and immune status combinations, and the reproductive success of their immune-and control-treated daughters measured. We found that daughters produced by two younger parents exhibited reduced reproductive success relative to those of other parental age combinations. Furthermore, immune-challenged daughters exhibited higher reproductive success when produced by immune-challenged relative to control-treated mothers, a pattern consistent with transgenerational immune priming. Finally, a complex interplay between paternal age and parental immune statuses influenced daughter's reproductive success. These findings demonstrate the dynamic nature of age-and immune-mediated parental effects, traceable to both parents, and regulated by interactions between parents and between parents and offspring.

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“…Longevity fluctuated widely and underwent several spontaneous reversals during selection. Because of the similarity between their results and those of Lansing (1947;, Lints and Hoste (1974) con-cluded that life span is not controlled by genes, but by nongenetic factors of maternal origin.…”

Section: Ntrod U Ct! Onmentioning

confidence: 94%

The effects of gene-environment interaction on the expression of longevity

1985

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Several previous attempts at selecting for increased life span with Drosophila have failed to obtain a response to selection, and postulate that life span is controlled by non-genetic maternal effects instead of genes. In other experiments, however, populations have responded. This study uses a set of true-breeding long-and short-lived stocks developed by in Vitro selection to examine the effect on life span of developmental environment and outcrossing.The expression of genes for life span is shown here to vary as a result of a gene-environment interaction and is strongly affected by the environment during development. The longevity of F1 crosses between long-and short-lived parental lines is additive when the density of larvae is high and unfixed, showing that life span is controlled by genes and not nongenetic maternal effects. But, when numbers of larvae are held low and constant, as in studies where selection fails, life span of crosses and parental lines is greatly restricted. The failure of some previous attempts at selection, therefore, appears to have resulted from the introduction, through experimental design, of strong artifactual environmental effects that Limit the phenotypic expression of genes for life span and the effectiveness of selection.Comparison of fecundity in parental and F1 lines shows that selection for increased life span antagonistically reduces early-life fecundity. Short-lived, parental lines, reproduced at an early age in life, lay 22-24 per cent more eggs in the same period than do long-lived lines selected for reproduction at a late age.

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A Transmissible, Cumulative, and Reversible Factor in Aging

Cited by 213 publications

References 0 publications

A density threshold for the expression of longevity in Drosophila melanogaster

A density threshold for the expression of longevity in Drosophila melanogaster

Transgenerational interactions involving parental age and immune status affect female reproductive success inDrosophila melanogaster

The effects of gene-environment interaction on the expression of longevity

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