A traveling wave natural frequency-based single-ended fault location method with unknown equivalent system impedance

Abstract

SUMMARYSingle-ended traveling-wave fault location methods have difficulties in identifying the incident traveling wave and its corresponding reflection from the fault point. Thus, the algorithms' accuracy is always affected by wave-front identification. In this paper, a novel single-ended fault location method based on traveling wave natural frequencies is proposed for transmission line. The key of this method is to extract natural frequency and to achieve system parameters, of which system equivalent impedance is difficult to obtain accurately in practical application. By means of analyzing the influence mechanism of system impedance in the existing location algorithms based on natural frequencies, and assuming that the system resistance and inductance are parameters to be identified, a nonlinear objective function is constructed by several natural frequencies, then its local optima is solved by Nelder-Mead search algorithm to get the computing impedance. The correct system reflection angle under corresponding frequency can be attained by this computing impedance and accurate fault location can be finally estimated. The reliability and adaptability of the proposed method are verified by PSCAD/EMTDC-based simulation. Fault location result is independent of fault distance, fault type and transition resistance; meanwhile, during the computing process the accuracy of fault location can be evaluated.

ERF-based fault detection scheme for STATCOM-compensated line

“…The schemes based on traveling waves are used to protect the transmission lines. [21][22][23] These schemes can also locate the fault; however, distinct relays having very high-sampling frequency are required. Recently, a new distance relay based on Taylor-Kalman-Fourier filter is proposed in the study of Zamora-Mendez et al, 24 which is not affected by the presence of DC decaying component and harmonics.…”

“…These schemes are adaptive and mitigate the underreaching/overreaching effects because of the presence of shunt FACTS device, but only single‐phase fault has been taken into consideration. The schemes based on traveling waves are used to protect the transmission lines . These schemes can also locate the fault; however, distinct relays having very high‐sampling frequency are required.…”

ICA feature extraction for the location and classification of faults in high-voltage transmission lines

“…x i = a 1 s 1i + a 2 s 2i + a 3 s 3i+ a m s ji (4) where j = 1. . .m and s ji is a random vector known as source vector.…”

“…Interesting methods for the location and classification of faults in transmission lines based on the TW theory have been proposed so far [2][3][4][5]. For instance, methods using wavelet transforms (WT) combined with SVM have been adopted to decompose the current and voltage signals associated to the fault in various input levels to classify the faults properly [6].…”

Fault location in distribution systems with DG based on similarity of fault impedance

“…superimposed components, 4. traveling waves, 5. power quality monitoring data, 6. artificial intelligence.…”