A Trial of Three Antiretroviral Regimens in HIV-1–Infected Children

Abstract

In this phase 1-2 trial involving HIV-1-infected children, an age of three months or younger at the initiation of therapy and treatment with stavudine, lamivudine, nevirapine, and nelfinavir were associated with improved long-term viral suppression. Larger, randomized trials are required to define the optimal time to initiate therapy and the optimal regimen for these infants.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Lamivudine in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed and -Infected Infants

“…All infants received postnatal antiretroviral therapy with either stavudine, abacavir, nevirapine, or nelfinavir in combination with lamivudine and zidovudine. The results of these PACTG studies have been presented separately elsewhere (1,6,12,15). The human-subject committee at each participating clinical site approved these studies.…”

Timing of HAART defines the integrity of memory B cells and the longevity of humoral responses in HIV-1 vertically-infected children

“…Furthermore, to evaluate positive responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) the use of arbitrary levels is less accurate than comparing fold increase from baseline (39) and the presence of opsonizing antibodies should be considered. Finally, post vaccination pneumococcal IgG levels seem to be reduced in treatment naïve and HAART-treated HIV-1-infected patients (40,41). The mechanisms underlying this condition are poorly known.…”

Early vs deferred highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV infected infants: a European Collaborative Cohort Study

“…Several small prospective and retrospective studies in developed countries have suggested that ART initiated early in life could prevent this rapid clinical and immunologic deterioration [2][3][4][5][6].…”