A Trichromatic and White‐Light‐Emitting MOF Composite for Multi‐Dimensional and Multi‐Response Ratiometric Luminescent Sensing

Abstract

Present here is a new dual ratiometric luminescent probe D which is a trichromatic and white-light-emitting metal-organic framework (MOF) composite facilely obtained by incorporating red/green-emitting complex modules into a blue-emitting MOF. Probe D exhibits remarkable capabilities of sensing different volatile organic solvents (VOSs) via 2D code recognition of the two VOS-dependent MOF ligand-to-module ratios of the emission-peak intensities. For specific VOSs, the resultant luminescent color changes from the starting white color are sharp enough to be visible to the naked eye. Remarkably, D can differentiate solution-phase nitroaromatics and metal ions by recording the evolution of the two ratios during titration processes, enabling an unusual 3D code recognition using the titrant amount as the third dimension for the first time. D also can be used to detect dinoseb, Fe and Al ions quantitatively by analysis of the ratios with detection limits as low as 0.050, 0.41, and 0.12 ppm, respectively. Clearly, such a self-referencing trichromatic probe can maximize the output information and significantly enhance the detection selectivity and sensitivity via multi-dimensional sensing, and has great potentials for practical applications.

Systematic Tuning of the Luminescence Output of Multicomponent Metal–Organic Frameworks

“…Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) often exhibit interesting and useful luminescence properties. These materials typically use one or more of the following strategies to achieve luminescent output: emission from organic linkers, emission from metal clusters, encapsulation of emissive guest molecules, defects or charge transfer processes. , The attractive photophysical characteristics of MOFs have resulted in their applications in chemical and biological sensing, thermometry, second- and third-harmonic generation, and white-light emission. − …”

“…Other groups have used trivalent lanthanide ions as guests or as components of metal clusters to produce variable emission profiles. − The drawback of using lanthanide ions as the source of emitted light, however, is that their spectral profile is narrow, and consequently they have low color rendering indices (CRIs) . Introducing guest molecules, such as metal complexes, fluorescent dyes, and volatile organic compounds, to MOF pores can tune luminescence profiles and avoid these drawbacks. ,− …”

Water Stable [Tb4] Cluster-Based Metal–Organic Framework as Sensitive and Recyclable Luminescence Sensor of Quercetin

“…Actually, MOFs as luminescent sensors have been widely studied. − Especially, lanthanide-based MOFs (Ln-MOFs) have attracted enormous attention due to unique optical properties, such as the large Stokes shifts, unexceptionable quantum yields, high purity of colors, and long lifetime on the emission through an antenna effect. , Up until now, a lot of Ln-MOFs luminescent sensors have been applied to detecting anions, , cations, − organic small molecules, − and so on. Besides, these luminescent sensors display excellent chemical stabilities, high sensitivity, and good reusability .…”

Design and properties of multiple-emitter luminescent metal–organic frameworks

“…The inherent porous nature of MOFs enables the encapsulation of versatile chromophore guests into the MOF pores. 40,68,69 The MOF host can incorporate a chromophore guest with reduced molecular vibrations to minimize the non-radiative relaxation and, thereby enhance the guest emission efficiency. In addition, a distribution of isolated chromophore guests as a solid solution within MOFs can prevent aggregation-induced emission quenching.…”