A trifunctional N-doped activated carbon–ceria shell, derived from covalent porphyrin polymers for promoting Pt activity in fuel cell cathode performance

Modak, Arindam; Velayudham, Parthiban; Bendikov, Tatyana; Mohan, Roopathy; Schechter, Alex

doi:10.1039/d2cy02034c

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Second, CeO x has an oxygen storage capacity, which allows it to provide oxygen to the reaction site as needed . This can help maintain a steady-state ORR rate and prevent the formation of unwanted intermediates, which can reduce the efficiency of the reaction . Additionally, the increase in ECSA was unlikely to result from differences in Pt loading.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…48 This can help maintain a steady-state ORR rate and prevent the formation of unwanted intermediates, which can reduce the efficiency of the reaction. 49 Additionally, the increase in ECSA was unlikely to result from differences in Pt loading. Electrodes without CeO x and with CeO x were fabricated simultaneously in one process.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Enhancement of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells with Cerium Oxide Interlayers Prepared by Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition

Seo

Koo

Jeong

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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In this study, the performance and durability of a Pt/CeO x catalyst membrane electrode assembly (MEA) fabricated by chemical vapor deposition and sputtering using aerosols were investigated for use in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The cost burden of Pt-based catalysts and the degradation of performance and durability owing to corrosion of the carbon support under certain conditions limit the commercialization of PEMFCs. To solve these problems, the development of Pt alloy catalysts (Pt–Co, Pt–Ni, and Pt–Fe), Pt-based core–shell catalysts (Pt–TiO2 and Pt–CeO2), Pt bimetallic catalysts (Pt–Pd, Pt–Ru, and Pt–Sn), and Pt-based nanocomposites (Pt/graphene and Pt/carbon nanotubes) is being actively researched. Inserting a CeOx interlayer between Pt and carbon has three advantages: (i) oxygen supply to Pt due to CeO x interlayer’s ability to store oxygen improves catalyst utilization, (ii) improves the dispersibility of Pt, and (iii) solves the problem of performance and durability degradation by preventing the formation of reactive intermediates. For the deposition of ceria, the aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition process, which is performed at atmospheric pressure and can be uniformly deposited over a wide area with spray-based precursor delivery characteristics, was applied. The performance and electrochemical surface area of the Pt/CeO x MEA were determined using I–V measurements and cyclic voltammetry, and the durability of the Pt/CeO x MEA was analyzed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and an accelerated degradation test. As a result, when the Pt/CeO x on the gas diffusion layer (GDL) MEA was used, the performance improved by 46% compared to that of Pt on the GDL.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Enhancement of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells with Cerium Oxide Interlayers Prepared by Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition

Seo

Koo

Jeong

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…An MEA (#2 in the figure) with a catalyst-coated (0.5 mg/cm 2 Pt-C) PEM (Nafion TM N212, purchased from Fuelcellstore) with an area of

and a thickness of

was prepared in our lab according to previously published protocols as described [ 55 , 56 , 57 ]. Catalyst ink was prepared by mixing 50 wt.% Pt/C in distilled water (18.2 MΩ cm), 5 wt.% Nafion solution (LQ 1105–1100 EW purchased from Ion Power Inc. TLV, Israel), and isopropyl alcohol (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA) inside an ultrasonic ice bath for 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics Management of Intermediate Water Storage in an Air-Breathing Single-Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly

Kumar,

Schechter,

Avrahami

2023

Membranes

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In air-breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cells (Air PEM FCs), a high rate of water evaporation from the cathode might influence the resistance of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which is highly dependent on the water content of the Nafion membrane. We propose a dead-end hydrogen anode as a means of intermediate storage of water/humidity for self-humidification of the membrane. Such an inflatable bag integrated with a single lightweight MEA FC has the potential in blimp applications for anode self-humidification. A dynamic numerical water balance model, validated by experimental measurements, is derived to predict the effect of MEA configuration, and the membrane’s hydration state and water transfer rate at the anode on MEA resistance and performance. The experimental setup included humidity measurements, and polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests to quantify the effect of membrane hydration on its resistance in a lightweight MEA (12 g) integrated with an inflatable dead-end hydrogen storage bag. Varying current densities (5, 10, and 15 mA/cm2) and cathode humidity levels (20, 50, and 80%) were examined and compared with the numerical results. The validated model predicts that the hydration state of the membrane and water transfer rate at the anode can be increased by using a thin membrane and thicker gas diffusion layer.

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“…Schechter et al doped CeO 2 NPs into porous organic polymers (POPs) and then pyrolysed them with KOH to form a mixed phase of Ce and CeC x doped with a conductive N doped carbon matrix (CeC x /N doped carbon), with high porosity (1320 m 2 g −1 ) and specific capacitance (37.7 F cm −2 ). 204 Pt NPs impregnated on CeC x /N doped carbon exhibit preferential binding and nucleation characteristics in acidic and alkaline electrolytes and provide enhanced ORR activity. A composite hybrid catalyst composed of Pt on CeC x and N doped activated carbon was successfully synthesized through structural characterization by XRD, TEM and XPS, named Pt/KC@CeO 2 .…”

Section: Electrochemical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth oxide based electrocatalysts: synthesis, properties and applications

Jiang,

Fu,

Liang

et al. 2024

Chem. Soc. Rev.

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A trifunctional N-doped activated carbon–ceria shell, derived from covalent porphyrin polymers for promoting Pt activity in fuel cell cathode performance

Abstract: Developing an active, durable and cost-effective air cathode catalyst is critical for commercializing proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). CeO2 was reported as a scavenger of harmful peroxide by-products, yet...

Cited by 10 publications

References 76 publications

Performance Enhancement of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells with Cerium Oxide Interlayers Prepared by Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition

Performance Enhancement of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells with Cerium Oxide Interlayers Prepared by Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition

Dynamics Management of Intermediate Water Storage in an Air-Breathing Single-Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly

Rare earth oxide based electrocatalysts: synthesis, properties and applications

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