A triphenylamine-based polymer with anthraquinone side chain as cathode material in lithium ion batteries

Electrochemical Preparation of Poly(N‐anthraquinoyl pyrrole) as High‐Performance Cathode Materials for Organic Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…Figure 6c and Table S4, Supporting Information, compare the capacity retention rates of the e‐PAQPy with redox‐active organic materials reported previously in literatures. [ 41–45 ] The e‐PAQPy shows a higher capacity retention rate (≈79%) than most other redox‐active organic molecules/polymers after 500 cycles. Figure 6d shows the possible reaction mechanism of the e‐PAQPy.…”

Polymer Electrode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…The attractions of PQs as energy storage materials are as follows: 1) high specific capacity profited from two carbonyl active sites; [102] 2) fast kinetics of the tautomerism between carbonyls and enols; [103] 3) stable amorphous structure and insolubility; [104] 4) diverse and easytunable molecular structure. [94] Based on the polymer skeleton, PQs can be classified into simple PQs (poly(1,4-anthraquinone) (P14AQ), poly(1,5-anthraquinone) (P15AQ) [40] ), S-coupled PQs (lithiated poly (dihydroxyanthraquinonyl sulfide) (LiD-HAQS), [41] poly(benzoquinonyl sulfide) (PBQS), [102] PDB, [103] poly(benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-4,8-dione-2,6-diyl sulfide) (PBDTDS), [104] poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide) (PAQS), [105,106] and poly(2,5-dihydroxy-p-benzoquinonyl sulfide) (PDHBQS) [107] ), N-coupled PQs (poly(5-amino-1,4-dyhydroxy anthraquinone) (PADAQ), [108] poly(1,5-diaminoanthraquinone) (PDAQ) [109] ), and side substituted PQs (poly(naphthotriazolequinonesty rene) (pNTQS), [110] poly(2-vinyl-4,8-dihydrobenzo(1,2-b:4,5-b′)dithiophene-4,8-dione) (PVBDT), [111] poly(N-(anthraquinone-2-yl)-N,N-diphenylamine) (PDPA-AQ), [112] poly(3-vinyl catechol) (RPN3a), and poly(4-vinyl catechol) (RPN4a) [113] ). Their molecular structures are shown in Figure 9.…”

“…In contrast, the side substituted PQs performed good cycling life though their inactive polymer backbone decreased the specific capacity and rate capability. [112,113] For example, the pNTQs electrode exhibited an extremely long lifetime of 1000 cycles and a specific capacity of 135 mAh g −1 at 1 C (Figure 10f). [110] In addition, according to the aromatic nuclei, the PQs can be divided into polybenzoquinones (PBQs), polynaphthoquinones (PNQs), [114] polyanthraquinones (PAQs), [105,106] and fused heterocycle PQs.…”

“…[105,115] The moderate redox potential and dissolution of oligomers in the electrolyte were two major problems that restricted the development and application of PQs. [41,110,112] Song et al suggested that increasing the polymerization degree can enhance the reduction potential of PBQS. As the polymerization degree increased, the calculated LUMO levels decreased.…”

Polytriphenylamine composites for energy storage electrodes: effect of pendant vs. backbone polymer architecture of the electroactive group

“…The main focus has been increasing of electrode capacity as well as power/energy density by structural tuning of TPA and/or its combination with inorganic materials. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Despite this progress, the longterm performance and stability of PTPAs can be a bottleneck toward their practical applications, like other electroactive polymers. [19][20][21][22] This stability issue arises from the repetitive insertion/disinsertion of counter ions during charge-discharge cycles, resulting in a constant volumetric change.…”