A trypsin‐sensitive avian reovirus: Isolation and experimental infection of poults and chicks

Afaleq, A. I. Al; Jones, Richard C.

doi:10.1080/03079459108418736

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Immunosuppression by this virus may also retard the success rate of vaccination against other infectious diseases such as infectious bursal disease and hepatitis [11]. ARV can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally [12]. Although ARV are not always pathogenic and have been reported from routine examination in apparently healthy poultry flocks [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological detection of avian reovirus in different poultry flocks of Gazipur and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh

et al. 2019

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Background and Aim: Avian reovirus (ARV) is a constraint to poultry industry in Bangladesh as a cause of several diseases in chickens, especially in broiler. However, the actual status of the viral infection is not known because the large-scale study is not conducted in this country. Therefore, this study aimed to check the presence and distribution of ARV-specific antibody in respect to area, types of chickens (broiler breeder, broiler, and layer), vaccination status, and age of chickens in Gazipur and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A total of 276 chickens' blood samples were collected from two well-organized broiler breeder stock, seven broiler farms, and five layer farms located at two districts, namely Gazipur and Mymensingh of Bangladesh. Blood samples were collected from wing vein of the apparently healthy chickens using 3 ml of syringe and serum was harvested by keeping the syringe at room temperature in slanting position. The sera were transferred to the laboratory by maintaining the cool chain and further processing was performed by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using ARV antibody test kit. Results: The results of serological test revealed that an average of 39.5% seropositive against ARV was recorded in chickens of Gazipur and Mymensingh districts. Among these, chickens of Gazipur district had the highest seropositivity of 50.5% than Mymensingh (30.7%). With respect to vaccination status, the seropositivity of vaccinated chickens in both areas was 100% and non-vaccinated chickens was 50.5% in Gazipur and 30.7% in Mymensingh district, respectively. However, regarding age groups, the seropositivity was higher in the age of 4-6 weeks (64.5%). Conclusion: The present serological findings showed a higher prevalence of ARV-specific antibodies in broiler birds. It indicates that the poultry industries of Bangladesh are contaminated with ARV which may naturally be transmitted to chickens either vertically or horizontally.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological detection of avian reovirus in different poultry flocks of Gazipur and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh

et al. 2019

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“…The trypsin-resistant avian reovirus strain R2 and the trypsin-sensitive strain TR1 have been previously described by Al-Afaleq & Jones (1991). By cross-neutralizatio n tests in cell culture, the two viruses are antigenicall y identical.…”

Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protection of chicks is therefore essential either by maternal immunity or early vaccination. It has recently been shown that some avian reoviruses are sensitive to trypsin and are partially inactivated in the gut (Al-Afaleq & Jones, 1991;Drastini et al, 1994) and some current vaccines have been shown to have this sensitivity (Jones et al, 1996). Such sensitive viruses replicate poorly in the intestines of chicks, even after oral infection (Jones et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local and systemic IgA and IgG responses of chicks to avian reoviruses: Effects of age of chick, route of infection and virus strain

Mukiibi-Muka¹,

Jones²

1999

Avian Pathology

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The effects of age at infection, route of infection and strain of virus on reovirus-speci® c IgA and IgG responses of chickens were investigated using anti-IgA and -IgG monoclonal antibodies. Three groups of SPF chickens were infected with a trypsin-resistant avian reovirus (strain R2) at 1 day old (DO), 7 days old, or 3 weeks old by oral or subcutaneous routes. Virus titres in the gut declined with increasing age of chick at infection. IgA was not detected in the intestinal contents of chicks infected at DO. Those infected orally at 7 days and 3 weeks old showed a substantial rise in intestinal IgA. In the subcutaneously-infected chicks, only those infected at 3 weeks old showed an intestinal IgA response. There were very similar reovirus-speci® c IgG responses in the sera of the orally and subcutaneously infected chicks, in all age-groups. In a second experiment a trypsin-sensitive avian reovirus (TR1) was used to infect DO and 7-day old chicks by oral and subcutaneous routes. No intestinal replication was detected in either age group, nor reovirus-speci® c intestinal IgA. However, substantial IgG responses were detected in sera of all TR1-infected chicks. These results indicate that the age of the chick, the route of infection and trypsin-sensitivity of the virus have important bearing on the local intestinal responses after reovirus infection.

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“…The trypsin-sensitive strain TR1, originally isolated from the hock of a turkey with arthritis, has been described previously (Al-Afaleq & Jones, 1991). For some comparative infections, the trypsin-resistant strain R2 was used.…”

Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have recently described the isolation of a strain of avian reovirus which is sensitive to trypsin (Al-Afaleq & Jones, 1991). It was found that following oral infection of chicks, virus was rarely isolated from cloacal swabs because the virus was partially inactivated by the enzyme in the intestine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early pathogenesis in chicks of infection with a trypsin‐sensitive avian reovirus

1994

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Experiments are described which show how the sensitivity to trypsin of avian reovirus strain TR1 restricts its replication in the intestine of the chicken in comparison with a trypsin-resistant strain R2. Following oral infection with a high dose (5.3 log10 TCID50), the trypsin-sensitive virus generally showed lower titres than the resistant one in all tissues examined. Infection of chicks with strain TR1 via the respiratory route enabled the virus to spread throughout the body and localize in the hock joint, an important target site for reoviruses. Trypsin-sensitive reoviruses might be transmitted via the respiratory route, even though TR1 caused little damage to the respiratory epithelium. Dose-response studies showed that TR1 injected via the footpad can localize in the hock joint after very low doses, but high oral doses (4-5 log10) are necessary for such localization. Intranasal infection was intermediate in effect.

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A trypsin‐sensitive avian reovirus: Isolation and experimental infection of poults and chicks

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Serological detection of avian reovirus in different poultry flocks of Gazipur and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh

Serological detection of avian reovirus in different poultry flocks of Gazipur and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh

Local and systemic IgA and IgG responses of chicks to avian reoviruses: Effects of age of chick, route of infection and virus strain

Early pathogenesis in chicks of infection with a trypsin‐sensitive avian reovirus

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