A tubular electrode assembly reactor for enhanced electrochemical wastewater treatment with a Magnéli-phase titanium suboxide (M-TiSO) anode and in situ utilization

Abstract

A stainless steel pipe (SSP) was used as a cathode. A tubular Magnéli-phase titanium suboxide (M-TiSO) anode was posited in the center. A spiral static mixer was used to process intensification.

Progress in Preparation and Application of Titanium Sub-Oxides Electrode in Electrocatalytic Degradation for Wastewater Treatment

“…Guo et al [85] used a tubular titanium dioxide ultrafiltration membrane and reduced it to Ti 4 O 7 by a hydrothermal method in a tubular furnace at 1050 • C in a H 2 atmosphere. With different treatment times, the main composition of the membrane also changed, and the phase change from Ti 6 O 11 to Ti 4 O 7 occurred from 30 h to 50 h. Based on this, Liang et al [86] designed a set of tubular electrode assembly reactors using titanium oxide thin film, in which stainless steel tubes (SSP) were used as cathodes, and tubular titanium oxide film was placed in the center of the tubes as anodes, making full use of advantages such as the good stability and low internal resistance of thin-film electrodes. The optimal conditions for the catalytic degradation of methylene blue are as follows: the removal rate was close to 100% when the current density was 9 mA•cm −2 for 90 min.…”

“…In addition, Lin et al [86] studied a new spark plasma sintering (SPS) process, in which a pulse current was directly applied between powder particles to heat and sintering. Firstly, 2g performed Ti 4 O 7 powder was put into a graphite mold and vacuumed to less than 1 Pa. Start sintered at 1100 • C for 40 min, then rapid cooling in the vacuum to below 60 • C with maintaining sintering pressure is 5 MPa.…”

“…In addition, there are many types of research on the modification of titanium suboxides electrodes doped with other metals. For example, Linet et al [86] doped a Ce 3+ electrode preparation by the powder sintering method. Compared with the electrode before doping, the increased oxygen evolution potential and the reduced internal resistance of the charge transfer of the prepared electrode could be obtained, and the degradation effect of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) was further improved because the doping of Ce 3+ resulted in more active sites on the electrode surface, which improved the rapid transfer of charge.…”

A Comprehensive Review of Electrochemical Membrane Bioreactors for Enhanced Pollutant Removal and Fouling Mitigation

“…Similarly, HRT plays a crucial role in electrooxidation processes, with longer HRTs enhancing total organic carbon (TOC) removal and process performance (Liang, You, Yuan, & Yuan, 2021). SRT also influences system performance, with longer SRT promoting biofilm formation and enhancing microbial activity on bioelectrode surfaces (Y. .…”

A review of electrochemical oxidation technology for advanced treatment of medical wastewater

“…A novel type of flow reactor was invented, and the degradation efficiency of synergistic electrochemical oxidation of levofloxacin increased by 95% ( Pieczyńska et al, 2019 ). A tubular electrode reactor was designed to enhance electrochemical wastewater treatment, which was attributed to the titanium oxide (M-TiSO) anode and superior reactor configuration ( Liang et al, 2021 ). The construction of an electric Fenton/double anode reactor system significantly improved the degradation efficiency of bisphenol A, which was attributed to the slow release of Fe 2+ ( Zhao et al, 2022 ).…”