A Turbulent Jet Ignition Pre-Chamber Combustion System for Large Fuel Economy Improvements in a Modern Vehicle Powertrain

Attard, William P.; Fraser, Neil; Parsons, Patrick; Toulson, Elisa

doi:10.4271/2010-01-1457

Cited by 189 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous studies [14,15,16,17] have demonstrated the potential of TJI as an enabling technology for ultra-lean SI combustion to significantly increase thermal efficiency and reduce NO x emissions. This study seeks better understanding of TJI combustion, specifically in terms of main chamber ignition and the dynamics of the interaction between the pre-chamber and main chamber.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pre-chamber combustion concepts have demonstrated the potential for stable main chamber combustion at higher levels of dilution than are allowable in typical SI engines [14]. They have also demonstrated the ability to counter the loss of ignitability of the lean charge to a certain extent.…”

Section: Methodology For Combustion Analysis Of a Spark Ignition Engimentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The pre-chamber geometry is based on that of previous experiments [14,15,16,17], with a Y-shape incorporating the spark plug in one corner and the fuel injector in the adjacent corner. Both components are effectively flush-mounted with the top of the pre-chamber.…”

Section: Tjimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Methodology for Combustion Analysis of a Spark Ignition Engine Incorporating a Pre-Chamber Combustor

Bunce

Blaxill

2014

SAE Technical Paper Series

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With an increasing global awareness of the need to conserve fuel resources and reduce carbon dioxide emissions, the automotive sector has been seeking gains in engine efficiency. One such method for achieving these gains on a spark ignition (SI) engine platform is through lean burn operation. Ultra-lean operation (λ>2) has demonstrated the ability to increase thermal efficiency and significantly reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) due primarily to lower mean gas temperatures. Turbulent Jet Ignition (TJI), a pre-chamberbased combustion system, is a technology that enables ultra-lean operation. TJI is also an effective knock mitigation system due to the distributed nature of main chamber ignition, resulting in rapid burn rates.Pre-chamber combustors such as that utilized in TJI have been studied extensively for decades, but the interaction of the combustion events between the two chambers is not well understood. Additionally, current in-cylinder pressure transducer-based combustion analysis is limited in its effectiveness at capturing TJI combustion characteristics, particularly start of combustion (SOC) in the main chamber. This can lead to misleading heat release results and incomplete understanding of ignition and chamber interaction. This study analyzes the limitations of current combustion analysis techniques to characterize TJI and proposes a new methodology for combustion analysis.An optical engine is used to qualitatively assess pre-chamber jet formation and the subsequent main chamber ignition events. This data is synthesized with that of a single cylinder metal engine counterpart providing empirical heat release information. Utilizing high speed pressure transducers in both pre-chamber and main chamber, the validity of heat release data is explored within the context of the optically observed combustion process. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is employed as an explanatory tool for the pre-chamber combustion event and the gas exchange process between the chambers. Informed by qualitative optical engine data, empirical heat release data, and CFD, this study seeks to produce a new methodology for combustion analysis that is applicable not only to TJI but to most pre-chamber-based SI combustion systems. Further accurate understanding of the interaction of the combustion events between the chambers and the gas exchange process can lead to optimum prechamber design and operation, and enable system scalability.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodology For Combustion Analysis Of a Spark Ignition Engimentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Methodology for Combustion Analysis of a Spark Ignition Engine Incorporating a Pre-Chamber Combustor

Bunce

Blaxill

2014

SAE Technical Paper Series

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The flame jets issued from pre-chamber create multiple ignition sites leading to rapid combustion in the main chamber. A more feasible jet ignition system named Turbulent Jet Ignition (TJI) was developed by MAHLE Powertrain [20,21]. The fuel consumption was reduced by nearly 25% at part load.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Study of Jet Controlled Compression Ignition on Combustion Phasing Control in Diesel Premixed Compression Ignition Systems

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In order to directly control the premixed combustion phasing, a Jet Controlled Compression Ignition (JCCI) for diesel premixed compression ignition systems is investigated. Experiments were conducted on a single cylinder natural aspirated diesel engine without EGR at 3000 rpm. Numerical models were validated by load sweep experiments at fixed spark timing. Detailed combustion characteristics were analyzed based on the BMEP of 2.18 bar. The simulation results showed that the high temperature jets of reacting active radical species issued from the ignition chamber played an important role on the onset of combustion in the JCCI system. The combustion of diesel pre-mixtures was initiated rapidly by the combustion products issued from the ignition chamber. Moreover, the flame propagation was not obvious, similar to that in Pre-mixed Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI). Consequently, spark timing sweep experiments were conducted. The results showed a good linear relationship between spark timing in the ignition chamber and CA10 and CA50, which indicated the ability for direct combustion phasing control in diesel PCCI. The NO x and soot emissions gradually changed with the decrease of spark advance angle. The maximum reduction of NO x and soot were both over 90%, and HC and CO emissions were increased.

show abstract

“…About the same power and fuel efficiency may also be delivered with stoichiometric engines direct injection jet ignition two-stroke of 750 cm 3 .Application to premixed mixtures has been fostered by ex-students of Prof. H.C. Watson, then working in Mahle and the University of Michigan since 2009. Developments by Mahle are reported in the use of jet ignition with premixed more than stratified mixtures [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].Application to lean stratified mixtures by jet ignition has been mostly nurtured by the author, who was a collaborator of Prof. H.C. Watson from 2006 to 2009, working largely unsupported as independent scientist.Jet ignition was proposed as a coupling to direct injection to work lean stratified, [17][18][19][20][21]. The advantage of the coupling was the opportunity to produce a central cloud of nearly stoichiometric mixture at the center of the combustion chamber with a surrounding cushion of air then bulk, high energy, ignited by multiple jets of hot reacting gases and rapidly and completely burned with reduced heat losses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Direct Injection Jet Ignition High Performance Naturally Aspirated Motorcycle Engines

Boretti¹

2019

Designs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thanks to the adoption of high pressure, direct injection and jet ignition, plus electrically assisted turbo-compounding, the fuel conversion efficiency of Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) F1 engines has been spectacularly improved up to values above 46% peak power, and 50% peak efficiency, by running lean of stoichiometry stratified in a high boost, high compression ratio environment. Opposite, Federation Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) Moto-GP engines are still naturally aspirated, port injected, spark ignited, working with homogeneous mixtures. This old fashioned but highly optimized design is responsible for relatively low fuel conversion efficiencies, and yet delivers an outstanding specific power density of 200 kW/liter. The potential to improve the fuel conversion efficiency of Moto-GP engines through the adoption of direct injection and jet ignition, prevented by the current rules, is herein discussed based on simulations. As two-stroke engines may benefit from direct injection and jet ignition more than four-stroke engines, the opportunity of a return of two-stroke engines is also argued, similarly based on simulations. About the same power, but at a better fuel efficiency, of today’s 1000 cm3 four stroke engines, may be obtained with lean stratified direct injection jet ignition engines, four-stroke of 1450 cm3, or two-stroke of 1050 cm3. About the same power and fuel efficiency may also be delivered with stoichiometric engines direct injection jet ignition two-stroke of 750 cm3.

show abstract

A Turbulent Jet Ignition Pre-Chamber Combustion System for Large Fuel Economy Improvements in a Modern Vehicle Powertrain

Cited by 189 publications

References 45 publications

Methodology for Combustion Analysis of a Spark Ignition Engine Incorporating a Pre-Chamber Combustor

Methodology for Combustion Analysis of a Spark Ignition Engine Incorporating a Pre-Chamber Combustor

Experimental and Numerical Study of Jet Controlled Compression Ignition on Combustion Phasing Control in Diesel Premixed Compression Ignition Systems

Design of Direct Injection Jet Ignition High Performance Naturally Aspirated Motorcycle Engines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About