We
report an amplification-free genotyping method to determine
the number of human short tandem repeats (STRs). DNA-based STR profiling
is a robust method for genetic identification purposes such as forensics
and biobanking and for identifying specific molecular subtypes of
cancer. STR detection requires polymerase amplification, which introduces
errors that obscure the correct genotype. We developed a new method
that requires no polymerase. First, we synthesized perylene-nucleoside
reagents and incorporated them into oligonucleotide probes that recognize
five common human STRs. Using these probes and a bead-based hybridization
approach, accurate STR detection was achieved in only 1.5 h, including
DNA preparation steps, with up to a 1000-fold target DNA enrichment.
This method was comparable to PCR-based assays. Using standard fluorometry,
the limit of detection was 2.00 ± 0.07 pM for a given target.
We used this assay to accurately identify STRs from 50 human subjects,
achieving >98% consensus with sequencing data for STR genotyping.