A Tutorial on IEEE 802.11ax High Efficiency WLANs

Abstract

While celebrating the 21st year since the very first IEEE 802.11 "legacy" 2 Mbit/s wireless local area network standard, the latest Wi-Fi newborn is today reaching the finish line, topping the remarkable speed of 10 Gbit/s. IEEE 802.11ax was launched in May 2014 with the goal of enhancing throughput-perarea in high-density scenarios. The first 802.11ax draft versions, namely, D1.0 and D2.0, were released at the end of 2016 and 2017. Focusing on a more mature version D3.0, in this tutorial paper, we help the reader to smoothly enter into the several major 802.11ax breakthroughs, including a brand new orthogonal frequencydivision multiple access-based random access approach as well as novel spatial frequency reuse techniques. In addition, this tutorial will highlight selected significant improvements (including physical layer enhancements, multiuser multiple input multiple output extensions, power saving advances, and so on) which make this standard a very significant step forward with respect to its predecessor 802.11ac.

Small‐sized, decoupled two‐monopole antenna system using the same monopole as decoupling structure

“…For instance, more than two wireless local area network (WLAN) antennas are now equipped in the gaming notebook computers to provide more radiation pattern selections for achieving better throughput performance . It can be expected that more and more WLAN notebook antennas will be employed for the soon IEEE 11ax communications . However, for antenna engineers, it is very challenging to further distribute more antenna elements because antenna real estate is already a limited commodity for notebook computers nowadays.…”

“…1 It can be expected that more and more WLAN notebook antennas will be employed for the soon IEEE 11ax communications. 2 However, for antenna engineers, it is very challenging to further distribute more antenna elements because antenna real estate is already a limited commodity for notebook computers nowadays. For the rationale of no available space, conjoining two notebook antennas in close proximity becomes a feasible solution.…”

OFDMA Resource Allocation for Real-Time Applications in IEEE 802.11ax Networks

“…One of the possible solutions to satisfy RTA requirements for uplink transmission is to use orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) introduced in the Wi-Fi standard, as a part of the IEEE 802.11ax amendment [5]. OFDMA is essential for RTA since it enables several STAs to transmit or receive data at one time.…”

Very-Low-Profile, Decoupled, Hybrid Two-Antenna System Using Top-Loaded, Coupled Strip Resonator for Notebook Computer Applications

“…For instance, four wireless local area (WLAN) antennas are now deployed in the high-end gaming notebook computers to provide more antenna pattern selections for achieving better throughput performance [1]. It can be forecasted that future notebook computers will be installed with more than two WLAN antennas for the soon IEEE 11ax communications [2]. However, for antenna engineers, it becomes even more challenging to further distribute more antenna elements inside devices because very little space is left for the current notebook computers.…”