A twenty-eight-year laboratory-based retrospective trend analysis of malaria in Dakar, Senegal

Abstract

Introduction Health facility-based records offer a rich source of information to understand trends and changes in malaria cases over time. This study is aimed at determining the changes in malaria occurrence over the last 28 years, from 1989 to 2016 in Dakar, Senegal. Methods Laboratory suspected and confirmed malaria records from 1989 to 2016 were reviewed from the laboratory registers of the Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital. Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was used to estimate the changes by comparing malaria cases post-intervention (2006-2016) with that of the pre-intervention (1989-2005) period. Results A total of 5,876 laboratory confirmed malaria cases were reported out of 29,852 tested cases, with total slide positivity rate (SPR) of 19.7%. Malaria case counts exhibited a fluctuating trend with major peaks occurring in the years 1995 and 2003 with SPR of 42.3% and 42.5%, respectively. Overall, a remarkable decline in the total number of laboratory confirmed malaria cases was observed over the last 28 years. P. falciparum was almost the only reported species, accounting for 99.98% of cases. The highest SPR was observed in the age group of under five years during the pre-intervention period while this shifted to the age group of 6-15 years old for the subsequent years. Two major malaria peak seasons were observed: one in September during the pre-intervention period and the other in November for the post-intervention period. The ITS analysis showed a dramatic decline of 83.6% in SPR following the scale-up of interventions in 2006. Conclusion A remarkable decline in laboratory confirmed malaria cases in Dakar over 28 years was observed. The period of rapid decline in malaria SPR coincided with the scale-up in

Eight-year Retrospective Analysis of Malaria Trends in Gedeo Zone, South Ethiopia (2012-2019)

“…This positivity rate was comparable with certain studies done in Ethiopia including from Batu town (12.43%) [23], Arsi Negelle (11.40%) [24] and Halaba special district (9.47%) [25]. In contrast, higher overall malaria positivity rates were reported from related studies conducted in south-central Ethiopia [26], southern Ethiopia [27] and abroad in Dakar, Senegal [28] with 33.83%, 21.79% and 19.68% respectively. On the other hand, the present gure was higher than records in other local studies [29,30].…”

Past eight-year malaria data in Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia: trend, reporting-quality, spatiotemporal distribution, and association with socio-demographic and meteorological variables

“…The overall malaria positivity rate (11.79%) in the current study was comparable with certain studies done in Ethiopia including from Batu town (12.43%) [ 15 ], Halaba special district (9.47%) [ 16 ] and north Shoa (8.39%) [ 17 ]. In contrast, higher overall malaria positivity rates were reported from related studies conducted in south-central Ethiopia [ 18 ], southern Ethiopia [ 19 ] and abroad in Dakar, Senegal [ 20 ] with 33.83, 21.79 and 19.68% respectively. On the other hand, the present figure was higher than records in other local studies [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Relationships between test positivity rate, total laboratory confirmed cases of malaria, and malaria incidence in high burden settings of Uganda: an ecological analysis

“…TPR, defined as the number of laboratory confirmed cases per 100 suspected cases examined, has been used to define levels of endemicity, identify high burden areas, and evaluate the impact of control interventions [ 21 – 25 ]. However, TPR is subject to bias due to changes in the incidence of non-malaria fevers and has a complex, non-linear relationship with malaria incidence [ 5 , 7 ].…”