Invasive opportunistic fungal disease is a well-known complication in immuno deficient patients, adults as well as children. Apart from candida, aspergillus is by far the most common causative agent. Specific guidelines for the pediatric population concerning diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of invasive aspergillosis have been published recently and although this has been an important achievement, many challenges remain. This paper gives a short overview of the current guidelines, the recent advances in the diagnosis and management of invasive aspergillosis in the pediatric population. Besides we highlight the unmet needs of the pediatricians who are dealing with patients at risk of this complication.