“…Cultural sensitivities (Banning & Hafeez, 2010;Hammoud, White, & Fetters, 2005), religious beliefs (Haji-Mahmoodi et al, 2002;Harandy et al, 2009;Li et al, 2003), and level of knowledge and awareness of cancer and cancer screening needs are all associated with rates of screening among immigrant populations, including Muslim Somalis (Carroll et al, 2007;Underwood et al, 1999). In addition to barriers and facilitators to early detection and cancer care, Muslim immigrants and specifically Muslim Somali immigrants in Maine, New York, Minnesota, and California have provided information about screening knowledge and health beliefs and attitudes of these female Muslim Somali immigrants (Carroll et al, 2007;Matin & LeBaron, 2004;Pavlish, Noor, & Brandt, 2010).…”