1980
DOI: 10.1017/s002214300001073x
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A Two–Parameter Model of Snow–Avalanche Motion

Abstract: Voellmy’s (1955) method for computing the run-out distance of a snow avalanche includes an unsatisfactory feature: the a priori selection of a midslope reference where the avalanche is assumed to begin decelerating from a computed steady velocity. There is no objective criterion for selecting this reference, and yet the choice critically determines the computed stopping position of the avalanche. As an alternative, a differential equation is derived in this paper on the premise that the only logical reference … Show more

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Cited by 229 publications
(137 citation statements)
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“…Instead, we analyze the talweg trajectories s(t) of avalanche #0017's minor surges by calculating their effective friction. We use the point-mass model (equation (5)), which can be thought of as a zeroth-order shallow water Voellmy-Salm model or more precisely as a centre-of-mass model like the PCM model developed by Perla et al [1980] since we neglect the flow height. This procedure can be thought of a physically based smoothing of the surge velocities, since numerical differentiation of data is poorly conditioned.…”
Section: Effective Frictionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Instead, we analyze the talweg trajectories s(t) of avalanche #0017's minor surges by calculating their effective friction. We use the point-mass model (equation (5)), which can be thought of as a zeroth-order shallow water Voellmy-Salm model or more precisely as a centre-of-mass model like the PCM model developed by Perla et al [1980] since we neglect the flow height. This procedure can be thought of a physically based smoothing of the surge velocities, since numerical differentiation of data is poorly conditioned.…”
Section: Effective Frictionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The commonly used maximum speed and run-out equations for flowing avalanches given by Voellmy's (1955) method are considered from a more general model proposed by Perla and others, (1980). Equations analogous to those of Voellmy are derived and the approximations are defined from the point of view of the more general model.…”
Section: Derivation Of Voellmy7s Maximum Speed and Run-out Estimates mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Glaciology, 29, 102, pp. 350-352, 1983 Derivation of voellmy's maximum speed and run-out estimates from a centre-of-mass model McClung, D. M. The differential equation governing the speed V of the centre-of-mass of a dry-flowing avalanche as given by the model of Perla and others (1980), and here called the PCM Model, is …”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Les modèles de propagation de type Saint-Venant sont ce de fait maintenant assez abondamment utilisés pour le zonage sur de larges régions (Gruber et Bartelt, 2007) et la possibilité d'effectuer un nombre important de simulations en un temps raisonnable permet de les calibrer de façon automatisée sur l'ensemble des événements ayant affecté un site étudié. Les approches les plus simples considèrent la déformation de la neige en mouvement comme négligeable et représentent de ce fait l'avalanche comme un bloc glissant rigide (Voellmy, 1955 ;Perla et al 1980). Des processus physiques importants sont ainsi négligés, mais le temps de calcul devient si faible que des milliers de simulations peuvent être effectués en des temps très réduits .…”
unclassified
“…Néanmoins, la question du choix de la loi de frottement reste ouverte au débat et d'autres formulations sont toujours utilisées. Dans le modèle de Perla et ses dérivés, le terme turbulent dépend de la masse de neige en plus du carré de la vitesse et de la hauteur de l'écoulement (Perla et al, 1980 ;Perla et al 1984). Le terme « turbulent » est parfois considéré comme négligeable, conduisant à un frottement constant de type coulombien (Savage et Hutter, 1991).…”
unclassified