A Two-Stage Culture Strategy for Scenedesmus sp. FSP3 for CO2 Fixation and the Simultaneous Production of Lutein under Light and Salt Stress

Abstract

In this study, Scenedesmus sp. FSP3 was cultured using a two-stage culture strategy for CO2 fixation and lutein production. During the first stage, propylene carbonate was added to the medium, with 5% CO2 introduced to promote the rapid growth and CO2 fixation of the microalgae. During the second stage of cultivation, a NaCl concentration of 156 mmol L−1 and a light intensity of 160 μmol m−2 s−1 were used to stimulate the accumulation of lutein in the microalgal cells. By using this culture method, high lutein production and CO2 fixation were simultaneously achieved. The biomass productivity and carbon fixation rate of Scenedesmus sp. FSP3 reached 0.58 g L−1 d−1 and 1.09 g L−1 d−1, with a lutein content and yield as high as 6.45 mg g−1 and 2.30 mg L−1 d−1, respectively. The results reveal a commercially feasible way to integrate microalgal lutein production with CO2 fixation processes.

Sustainable Lutein Production from Chlorella sorokiniana NIES-2168 by Using Aquaculture Wastewater with Two-Stage Cultivation Strategies

“…Accordingly, this results in an increase in the size of the PSI light-harvesting antenna, and lutein, a light-harvesting pigment bound to a natural protein at the L1 site, will be elevated as the antenna protein level increases [45]. Two-stage culture approaches have been widely applied to enhance biomass and lutein production in microalgae [23,25,37]. Usually, in the first stage, microalgae accumulate biomass rapidly, and when the maximum biomass concentration is reached, the cells are transitioned to the second stage to accumulate the desired compound.…”

“…F51 resulted in a lutein content of 5.05 mg g −1 and lutein productivity of 3.56 mg −1 L −1 d −1 . Li et al [23] reported a two-stage culture of Scenedesmus sp. FSP3, achieving the highest lutein content and productivity of 6.45 mg g −1 and 3.36 mg L −1 , respectively.…”

“…[6,21,22], Scenedesmus sp. [23], and Acutodesmus sp. [24], have been employed for the production of lutein, as they have higher lutein contents (3-17 mg g −1 ) than marigolds (1.7-5.7 mg g −1 ) [2].…”

“…Several studies have applied a two-stage culture approach to the production of lutein. For example, Li et al [23] adopted a two-stage culture strategy to cultivate Scenedesmus FSP3 in photoautotrophic mode, applying salt stress and high light stress in the second stage to acquire a maximal lutein productivity of 2.30 mg L −1 d −1 . Moreover, Chen et al [34] used a two-stage mixotrophic/photoautotrophic culture of Chlorella sorokiniana MB-1 to achieve a maximum lutein yield of 7.62 mg L d −1 in the second stage.…”

Regional resource evaluation and distribution for onshore carbon dioxide storage and utilization in Uzbekistan

“…These factors include algae strain growth rates and CO2 uptake efficiency, design of the bioreactors, nutrient availability in the wastewater, soil fertility, biomass productivity, and site-specific conditions. Therefore, as a rough initial estimation, literature data is used with the following considerations (Bai et al, 2017;Ghorbani et al, 2014;Li et al, 2022;LTD. ), n.d.; Pavlik et al, 2017;Politaeva et al, 2023):…”