A UAV-Aided Cluster Head Election Framework and Applying Such to Security-Driven Cluster Head Election Schemes: A Survey

Abstract

UAS (Unmanned Aerial Systems) are now drawing a lot of attention from academic and research fields as well as the general public. The UAS is expected to provide many promising applications such as intelligent transportation system, disaster management, search and rescue, public safety, smart delivery, wild species monitoring, and wireless service area extension. More specifically, as a part of the wireless service extension, we deal with the information dissemination and collection using a UAV in this paper. In this application, because the UAV communicates with each CH (Cluster Head) to collect data from sensor nodes or to disseminate information to the sensor nodes, well-behaved and qualified nodes should be elected as CHs and their integrity should be preserved. Even though a UAV makes the information dissemination and collection process efficient in a WSN, we can make the UAV help the election of new CHs to mitigate the threat of compromised CHs. To this aim, we first propose a UAV-aided CH election framework where a UAV delivers the critical information collected from sensors to the sink, and the sink reselects a set of well-behaved and qualified CHs considering the information. Then, we classify the existing security-driven CH election schemes into several categories and explain the principle of each category and its representative schemes. For each representative scheme, we also explain how to adapt it into the UAV-aided CH election framework. Next, we identify some desirable security properties that a CH election scheme should provide and reveal the security level that each representative scheme reaches for the desirable security properties. Next, we compare communication and computation overhead of the security-driven CH election schemes in terms of the big O notation. In conclusion, we reveal what we have learned from this survey work and provide a future work item.

Complex Field Network Coding for Multi-Source Multi-Relay Single-Destination UAV Cooperative Surveillance Networks

“…A Ns-source Nr-relay single-destination structure with traditional network coding is depicted in Figure 6. Assuming that each node is equipped with an antenna, Ns sources (S 1 Saving on the return time of reconnaissance information implies a decrease in discovery probability. Next, we investigate which network coding scheme has the best real-time performance.…”

“…Recently, wireless communications aided by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, also known as drones) have drawn a lot of attention from academic and industrial fields, as well as the general public [1]. Due to their ease of deployment, low cost, high mobility, and ability to hover [2] compared to conventional terrestrial infrastructure, UAVs hovering in the air are more likely to set up wireless links with favorable channel conditions and thus are considered as a promising vector of support for wireless communications in a great number of practical applications [3], such as security and surveillance, the real-time monitoring of road traffic, providing wireless coverage, remote sensing, search and rescue operations, the delivery of goods, precision agriculture, and civil infrastructure inspection [4].…”

Information Transmission Schemes Based on Adaptive Coded Modulation for UAV Surveillance Systems With Satellite Relays

“…All the code polynomial () Tx of a CRC can be divided by the generator polynomial () gx as a CRC has all the characteristics of the quasi-cyclic code. We set () mx the information code polynomial, ( 1) k − the highest time. k is the number of information codes.…”

“…Recently, wireless communications aided by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, also known as drones) are receiving increased attention from the academic and industrial fields as well as from the military and civilian applications [1]- [4]. This accomplishes a reduction in drone manufacturing costs [2].…”

Precoding-based Complex Field Network Coding Strategy for Multi-Source UAV Cooperative System

“…Determining how to recover valuable information from the multi-source data is of significant importance for the data return of UAV swarms [3], especially for remote communication equipment. Relay-based cooperation in wireless communication for UAVs has attracted much interest for military and civilian applications [4,5,6]. Compared to conventional terrestrial infrastructures, the advantages of UAVs include high flexibility, low cost and ease of deployment [7] [8], which makes them preferable when setting up wireless communications for monitoring missions.…”