A Unified Framework for the Analysis of Fractional Frequency Reuse Techniques

Mahmud, Azwan; Hamdi, Khairi Ashour

doi:10.1109/tcomm.2014.2358211

Cited by 66 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…15 The idea of fractional frequency reuse is to partition a cell into 2 or more regions. In Zheng et al, 13 a frequency reuse-based scheme has been proposed to avoid the interference signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy‐spectrum‐efficient three‐tier heterogeneous networks with D2D harvesting energy and uplink coverage analysis

Jia

Fan

et al. 2018

Int J Communication

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To guard the communication quality of cell edge users (CEUs) and simultaneously improve the energy-spectrum efficiency, a novel 3-tier heterogeneous network (HetNet) model is proposed, which consists of macro cells, femtocells, and device-to-device (D2D) networks. Specially, with a predefined cell split factor R, the macro cell users are split into as cell center users (CCUs) and CEUs, respectively. Correspondingly, the total available spectrum band consisting of N channels is divided into CCU band and CEU band with a given coefficient p m . The CCU band containing p m N subchannels is shared by CCUs and femtocell users (FUs), and the CEU band containing(1 − p m ) N subchannels is shared by D2D users and CEUs. The perfect network synchronization is assumed, and a communication round consists of downlink transmission and uplink transmission phases. The battery-free D2D terminals harvest energy from the ambient radio frequency interference in the downlink transmission phase based on inverse power control scheme and communicate in the uplink transmission phase only when they harvest enough energy to perform channel inversion toward the receiver. For such 3-tier HetNets, by modeling the network elements as independent Poisson point processes (PPPs) and using stochastic geometry method, we first investigate the sufficiency probability that a D2D transmitter harvests enough energy to establish a communication link. Then, by combining sufficiency probability and channel access probability, the thinned independent PPPs for the locations of CCUs, CEUs, FUs, and D2D users are modeled. Based on these thinned PPP models, we perform a comprehensive investigation on the coverage probabilities of CCU, CEU, and FU uplinks as well as the D2D transmission. The simulated and numerical results show that using the presented cell split strategy enhances the performance of CCUs and CEUs because of the decrease of interference. The presented comparison analysis displays that the effect of D2D networks on the macro cell or the whole HetNets is limited and can be omitted. Therefore, the energy and spectrum efficiencies of networks are enhanced, simultaneously. At the same time, our results indicate that by using our derivations, we can perform the optimal design of the HetNets. KEYWORDScell center user, cell edge user, cell split, energy harvesting, heterogeneous networks 1 | INTRODUCTION Nowadays, with the proliferation of smart phones, tablets, and data-hungry multimedia applications, there has been exponential growth in mobile data and traffic. In recent report, 1 Cisco predicts that mobile data traffic will hit an annual run rate of 367.2 exabytes by 2020. More specifically, a compound annual growth rate to the data traffic from 2015 to 2020 is 53%. The fast and continuous growing mobile data traffic causes the deficiency of cellular network capacity. To mitigate this problem and meet the exponential growth of mobile traffic, the network operators have already started to devise new solutions. An advanced approach is strongly required ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specially, with a predefined cell split factor R, the macro cell users are split into as cell center users (CCUs) and CEUs, respectively. 15 The idea of fractional frequency reuse is to partition a cell into 2 or more regions. The CCU band containing p m N subchannels is shared by CCUs and femtocell users (FUs), and the CEU band containing…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy‐spectrum‐efficient three‐tier heterogeneous networks with D2D harvesting energy and uplink coverage analysis

Jia

Fan

et al. 2018

Int J Communication

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“…In addition to jointly allocating resources of the small cells, CCI can be managed by allocating almost blank subframes (ABS) [3], [4], fractional frequency reuse (FFR) techniques [5], [6], and multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) techniques, such as beamforming and joint decoding [1], [7]- [9]. By allocating ABSs, CCI among the small cells cannot be managed as ABSs are allocated by the macrocells to mitigate CCI between macro and small cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloud Assisted Resource Management for Hyper-Dense Small Cell Networks

Gamage

Shen

2015

2015 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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Hyper-dense deployment of small cells and reuse of available spectrum resources within a wireless cellular network are two promising techniques that can enhance network capacity to satisfy the ever increasing demand for high volumes of mobile data traffic. With the use of these techniques in a network, the network is prone to severe co-channel interference (CCI), due to short distances between the densely deployed small cells. Therefore, to avoid degradation of the network capacity, it is necessary to manage CCI by jointly allocating resources of the small cells. Further, the resource allocation scheme should minimize the computational burden for low-cost small cell base stations (BSs), be able to adapt to time-varying network load conditions, and reduce signaling overhead in the small cell backhauls with limited capacity. To this end, in this paper we present a resource allocation scheme which operates on two time-scales and utilizes cloud computing to determine resource allocation decisions. The resource allocation decisions are made at the cloud in a slow timescale, and are further optimized at the BSs in a fast time-scale in order to adapt the decisions to fast varying wireless channel conditions. Achievable network capacity enhancements using the proposed scheme are demonstrated through simulation results.

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“…Until the current 4G-LTE are being widely deployed, cellular networks start to undergo a major transformation from thoroughly planned deployment to more irregular, heterogeneous deployments. This increasing heterogeneity and density in cellular networks motivates new overlapping deployments and frequency reuse schemes, such as FFR and SFR, to significantly improve the network capacity [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Unified Frequency Reuse Framework for Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

Zhu

Deng

Zhao

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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The frequency reuse technique is a fundamental and classical issue in the interference management of cellular networks, and has never experienced any fundamental shifts from the first generation to the current LTE. With the development of 5G, the classic frequency reuse (FR) is no longer suitable for heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs). In this paper, we propose a unified frequency reuse (UFR) model for a heterogeneous networking architecture in future wireless cellular communications, where the HCN is divided into different tiers with different frequency band assigned. Then, we take an HCN with different overlapped tiers of densely deployed base stations as an example and analyze the spectral efficiency, transmission ability and energy efficiency of the network when the proposed UFR scheme is applied. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed model is not only beneficial to the frequency allocation but also achieves higher performance for future 5G wireless communications.

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A Unified Framework for the Analysis of Fractional Frequency Reuse Techniques

Cited by 66 publications

References 36 publications

Energy‐spectrum‐efficient three‐tier heterogeneous networks with D2D harvesting energy and uplink coverage analysis

Energy‐spectrum‐efficient three‐tier heterogeneous networks with D2D harvesting energy and uplink coverage analysis

Cloud Assisted Resource Management for Hyper-Dense Small Cell Networks

A Unified Frequency Reuse Framework for Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

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