A Unique Pulse Width Modulation to Reduce Leakage Current for Cascaded H-Bridge Inverters in PV and Battery Energy Storage Applications

Gunsal, Izgun; Stone, D.A.; Foster, M. P.

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.09.032

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…These converters (inverters) may have various topologies [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] and their topologies along with earthing systems [ 4 ] influence the earth–current phenomena occurring during the normal operation as well as in the case of the earth fault. In transformerless PV installations, their components influence the leakage current’s flow [ 5 , 6 ], and for functional purposes, in some cases, these currents are required to be strongly reduced [ 7 , 8 ] with the use of advanced types of inverters [ 9 ] or even a unique pulse width modulation method [ 10 ]. Values of the leakage current may also depend on the type and mounting conditions of PV modules [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of Residual Current Devices at Earth Fault Currents with DC Component

Czapp

Tariq

Cieślik

2022

Sensors

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Low-voltage electrical installations are increasingly saturated with power electronic converters. Due to very high popularity of photovoltaic (PV) installations and the spread of electric vehicles (EV) as well as their charging installations, DC–AC and AC–DC converters are often found in power systems. The transformerless coupling of AC and DC systems via power electronic converters means that an electrical installation containing both these systems should be recognized from the point of view of earth fault current waveform shapes. In such installations, various shapes of the earth fault current may occur—a DC component of a high value may especially flow. The DC component included in the earth fault current influences the tripping threshold of residual current devices (RCDs)—the devices which are mandatory in certain locations. This paper presents results of the AC-type, A-type, and F-type RCDs sensitivity testing under residual currents of various compositions of the DC component. This testing has shown that the DC component may both degrade and improve the sensitivity of RCDs. Moreover, unexpected positive behaviors of RCDs in some circumstances under DC residual current is discussed. Therefore, recognizing the real sensitivity and behavior of RCDs from the point of view of the DC component is important for effective protection against electric shock, in particular, in PV installations and EV charging systems. The research results provide a new insight into the real behavior of RCDs in modern power systems and, consequently, the safety of people.

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