A Universal Blocking-Module-Based Average Value Model of Modular Multilevel Converters With Different Types of Submodules

Meng, Xuekun; Han, Jintao; Bieber, Levi; Wang, Liwei; Li, Wei; Bélanger, Jean

doi:10.1109/tec.2019.2944332

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The WFVSCs are under real power control scheme, while the GSVSCs are under DC voltage droop control strategy. Each VSC is represented by average-value model [47]- [49] of modular multilevel converter (MMC). The DC cables are modelled using RT-LAB/ARTEMiS Blockset.…”

Section: A Simulation System Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Voltage Reference Based Controls of Converter Power Sharing and Pilot Voltage in HVDC System for Large-Scale Offshore Wind Integration

Zhang,

Qian,

Shao

et al. 2024

IEEE Open J. Power Energy

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Active power sharing and voltage regulation are two of the major control challenges in the operation of the voltage source converter based multi-terminal high-voltage DC (VSC-MTDC) system when integrating large-scale offshore wind farms (OWFs). This paper proposes two novel adaptive voltage reference based droop control methods to regulate pilot DC voltage and share the power burden autonomously. The proposed Method I utilizes DC grid lossy model with the local voltage droop control strategy, while the proposed Method II adopts a modified pilot voltage droop control (MPVDC) to avoid the large errors caused by the DC grid lossless model. Dynamic simulations of a five-terminal MTDC grid are carried out using MATLAB/Simulink SimPowerSystems /Specialized Technology to verify the proposed autonomous control methods under various types of disturbance and contingency. In addition, comparative study is implemented to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed methods. Index Terms-Adaptive voltage reference based droop, autonomous control, offshore wind farms (OWFs), power sharing, power-voltage droop control, voltage regulation, voltage source converter based multi-terminal high-voltage DC (VSC-MTDC). I. INTRODUCTIONACING finite fossil fuels and worldwide appeal for cutting down greenhouse gas emission, the past twenty years witness a continuous growing share of the sustainable energies in the power generation mix [1]- [3]. As one of the mainstream renewable energy technologies, offshore wind generation is growing rapidly in many countries in Europe, North America, and Asia [4], [5]. There are two feasible technologies to integrate the offshore wind farms into an existing AC system, i.e. high voltage ac grid and voltage source converter based high-voltage DC (VSC-HVDC) grid. However, the advantages of independent control of the active and reactive powers, undersea connection, as well as power flow redirection capability make HVDC grid, i.e. multiterminal HVDC (MTDC) system, a preferable solution to integrate offshore wind farms [1], [6]- [9].The classical VSC control schemes for MTDC system can be categorized into three types: V-P control [10], voltage

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Section: A Simulation System Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Voltage Reference Based Controls of Converter Power Sharing and Pilot Voltage in HVDC System for Large-Scale Offshore Wind Integration

Zhang,

Qian,

Shao

et al. 2024

IEEE Open J. Power Energy

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“…Hybrid submodules (HSM) are generally based on the HBSM, as their primary purpose is to enable it to withstand DC fault with less components [49,50]. As shown in Figure 3g, a hybrid cell is comprised of series-connected HBSM and FBSM.…”

Section: Multilevel Submodule Topologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Modular Multilevel Converters for Stationary Applications

et al. 2020

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A modular multilevel converter (MMC) is an advanced voltage source converter applicable to a wide range of medium and high-voltage applications. It has competitive advantages such as quality output performance, high modularity, simple scalability, and low voltage and current rating demand for the power switches. Remarkable studies have been carried out regarding its topology, control, and operation. The main purpose of this review is to present the current state of the art of the MMC technology and to offer a better understanding of its operation and control for stationary applications. In this study, the MMC configuration is presented regarding its conventional and advanced submodule (SM) and overall topologies. The mathematical modeling, output voltage, and current control under different grid conditions, submodule balancing control, circulating current control, and modulation methods are discussed to provide the state of the MMC technology. The challenges linked to the MMC are associated with submodule balancing control, circulating current control, control complexity, and transient performance. Advanced nonlinear and predictable control strategies are expected to improve the MMC control and performance in comparison with conventional control methods. Finally, the power losses associated with the advanced wide bandgap (WBG) power devices (such as SiC, GaN) are explored by using different modulation schemes and switching frequencies. The results indicate that although the phase-shifted carrier-based pulse width modulation (PSC-PWM) has higher power losses, it outputs a better quality voltage with lower total harmonic distortion (THD) in comparison with phase-disposition pulse width modulation (PD-PWM) and sampled average modulation pulse width modulation (SAM-PWM). In addition, WBG switches such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) devices have lower power losses and higher efficiency, especially at high switching frequency in the MMC applications.

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“…where A 1 ∈ R 2×2 is a constant matrix in (13), and A 2 ∈ R 2×2N and A 3 ∈ R 2N×2 are time-varying matrixes in ( 14) and (18), respectively.…”

Section: Topology and Principles Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, each arm of MMC was modeled as a nonlinear capacitor with a time-variant sinusoidal capacitance [16]. Moreover, to simplify the analysis, the average value models (AVMs) are presented in [17][18][19][20]. However, the methods above do not reflect the switching state and the transient process of the SM capacitor voltage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Universal Mathematical Model of Modular Multilevel Converter with Half-Bridge

Liu

Yang

2020

Energies

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Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) play an important role in the power electronics industry due to their many advantages, such as modularity and reliability. In the current research, the simulation method is used to study the system. However, with the increasing number of sub-modules (SMs), it is difficult to model and simulate the system. In order to overcome these difficulties, this paper presents a universal mathematical model (UMM) of MMC using half-bridge cells as SMs. The UMM is a full-scale model with switching state, capacitance, inductance, and resistance characteristics. This method can calculate any number of SMs, and it does not need to build a simulation model (SIM) of physical MMC—in particular, parametric design can be realized. Compared with the SIM, the accuracy of the proposed UMM is verified, and the computational efficiency of the UMM is 8.7 times higher than the simulation method. Finally, by utilizing the proposed UMM method, the influence of the parameters of MMCs is studied, including the arm induction, SM capacitance, SM number, and output current/voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) based on the UMM in the paper. The results offer an engineering insight to optimize the design of MMCs.

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A Universal Blocking-Module-Based Average Value Model of Modular Multilevel Converters With Different Types of Submodules

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Adaptive Voltage Reference Based Controls of Converter Power Sharing and Pilot Voltage in HVDC System for Large-Scale Offshore Wind Integration

Adaptive Voltage Reference Based Controls of Converter Power Sharing and Pilot Voltage in HVDC System for Large-Scale Offshore Wind Integration

A Review of Modular Multilevel Converters for Stationary Applications

A Universal Mathematical Model of Modular Multilevel Converter with Half-Bridge

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