“…3(a) , an absorption peak appeared at 285 nm, which was presumed to be caused by π–π* transitions due to C C bonding. 29 There was also a sudden drop in absorbance at 300 nm, which might be attributed to intrinsic impurities in the raw material of orange peels. Additionally, a small cluster of absorption peaks appeared at approximately 360 nm, possibly indicating that the electronic structure in the CQDs had been altered by N doping through C N bonding, resulting in the generation of n–π* transitions and the observed absorption peaks.…”