A Validated Methodological Approach to Prove the Safety of Clinical Electromagnetic Induction Systems in Magnetic Hyperthermia

Rouni, Maria Anastasia; Shalev, Boaz; Tsanidis, George; Markakis, Ioannis; Kraus, Sarah; Rukenstein, Pazit; Suchi, Doron; Shalev, Ofer; Samaras, Theodoros

doi:10.3390/cancers16030621

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…For this reason, there is a need to develop new therapies, with one such option being Magnetic Field Hyperthermia (MH) [4]. MH has been recently trialled in human clinical studies that have demonstrated the safety and feasibility of it as an approach to treating several different cancers [5,6], including metastatic tumours [7,8]. During MH, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are injected into a tumour site [9] or delivered through intravenous injection (IV).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Modelling of an Induction Heating Coil to Investigate the Thermal Response of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia Applications

Drake,

Algaddafi,

Swift

et al. 2024

BioMedInformatics

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Magnetic Field Hyperthermia is a technique where tumours are treated through an increase in local temperature upon exposure to alternating magnetic fields (AMFs) that are mediated by magnetic nano-particles (MNPs). In an AMF, these particles heat-up and kill the cells. The relationship between an AMF and the heating-rate is complex, leading to confusion when comparing data for different MNP and AMF conditions. This work allows for the thermal-response to be monitored at multiple AMF amplitudes while keeping other parameters constant. An induction-heating coil was designed based on a Zero-Voltage-Zero-Current (ZVZC) resonant circuit. The coil operates at 93 kHz with a variable DC drive-voltage (12–30 V). NEC4 software was used to model the magnetic field distribution, and MNPs were synthesised by the coprecipitation method. The magnetic field was found to be uniform at the centre of the coil and ranged from 1 kAm−1 to 12 kAm−1, depending on the DC drive-voltage. The MNPs were found to have a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 1.37 Wg−1[Fe] and 6.13 Wg−1[Fe] at 93 kHz and 2.1 kAm−1 and 12.6 kAm−1, respectively. The measured SAR value was found to be directly proportional to the product of the frequency and field-strength (SARα f Ho). This leads to the recommendation that, when comparing data from various groups, the SAR value should be normalized following this relationship and not using the more common relationship based on the square of the field intensity (SARα f Ho2).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Modelling of an Induction Heating Coil to Investigate the Thermal Response of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia Applications

Drake,

Algaddafi,

Swift

et al. 2024

BioMedInformatics

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Numerical study of magnetic nanoparticles injection into a brain tumor considering the effects of injection volume and location on the termination of cancerous cells

Kazemi Alamouti,

Raouf,

Zahabi

et al. 2024

Biointerphases

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Lately, magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) hyperthermia gained much attention because of its therapeutic efficiency. It is challenging to predict all the treatment parameters during the actual therapeutic environment. Hence, the numerical approaches can be utilized to optimize various parameters of interest. In the present research, MNP hyperthermia on a cancerous tumor placed inside the human brain is investigated numerically using a realistically shaped model for the head layers and the tumor. Applying the boundary conditions, a steady-state Pennes’s bioheat transfer equation is solved using the finite element method scheme. The effects of MNP injection volume and location on tumor thermal distribution are examined and discussed in detail. The total volume of the brain tumor is 5990 mm3. Three different volumes of injection per point, namely, 0.6, 1.2, and 3 μl, as well as several injection points, are performed. It is observed that choosing a higher number of MNP injection points affects the temperature distribution in terms of uniformity. In contrast, an accurate injection volume provides lower temperatures for the treatment of cancerous tissue. Moreover, it is concluded that interfaces between the different layers of the anatomically correct brain model play a critical role in thermal therapy. Based on the obtained results, it is concluded that the optimal condition for MNP hyperthermia of a cancerous tumor with a volume of 5990 mm3 is the total injection volume of 80 μl through 20 different points all over the brain tumor considering an injection volume of 4 μl for each point.

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Advances in magnetic induction hyperthermia

Zhang,

2024

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Magnetic induction hyperthermia (MIH), is a technique that has developed rapidly in recent years in the field of tumor thermotherapy. It implants a magnetic heating medium (millimeter-sized heat seeds, micron-sized magnetic particles and nanometer-sized magnetic fluids, etc.) inside the tumor. The material heats up under the induction of an external alternating magnetic field (100–500 kHz), which causes a high temperature zone to rapidly form in the local biological tissues and induces apoptosis in tumor cells. Magnetic induction hyperthermia has the advantages of high safety, strong targeting, repeatable treatment, and the size of the incision during treatment is negligible compared to surgical resection, and is currently used in clinical treatment. However, the millimeter-scale heat seed heating that is typically used in treatments can result in uneven temperatures within the tissue. Common MIH heating devices are bulky and complex in design, and are not easy for medical staff to get their hands on, which are issues that limit the diffusion of MIH. In this view, this paper will discuss the basic theoretical research on MIH and the progress of MIH-related technologies, with a focus on the latest research and development results and research hotspots of nanoscale ferromagnetic media and magnetic heat therapy devices, as well as the validation results and therapeutic efficacy of the new MIH technology on animal experiments and clinical trials. In this paper, it is found that induction heating using magnetic nanoparticles improves the uniformity of the temperature field, and the magneto-thermal properties of nanoscale ferromagnetic materials are significantly improved. The heating device was miniaturized to simplify the operation steps, while the focusing of the magnetic field was locally enhanced. However, there are fewer studies on the biotoxicity aspects of nanomedicines, and the localized alternating magnetic field uniformity used for heating and the safety of the alternating magnetic field after irradiation of the human body have not been sufficiently discussed. Ultimately, the purpose of this paper is to advance research related to magnetic induction thermotherapy that can be applied in clinical treatment.

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A Validated Methodological Approach to Prove the Safety of Clinical Electromagnetic Induction Systems in Magnetic Hyperthermia

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Design and Modelling of an Induction Heating Coil to Investigate the Thermal Response of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia Applications

Design and Modelling of an Induction Heating Coil to Investigate the Thermal Response of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia Applications

Numerical study of magnetic nanoparticles injection into a brain tumor considering the effects of injection volume and location on the termination of cancerous cells

Advances in magnetic induction hyperthermia

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