A Validated Scale for Assessing the Severity of Acute Infectious Mononucleosis

Katz, Ben Z.; Reuter, Caroline; Lupovitch, Yair; Gleason, Kristen D; McClellan, Damani; Cotler, Joseph; Jason, Leonard A.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.01.035

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The researchers suggested that severity of an infection is a predictor of post-infectious fatigue. A more recent study of infectious mononucleosis also found that the severity of mononucleosis was predictive of post-infection complications such as fatigue [26].…”

Section: Non-viral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Research is needed to assess functioning during the recovery phase post-COVID-19. Such studies might include a full medical and psychiatric assessment, as well as use of standardized and validated measures of critical symptoms such as the severity of infection and autonomic functioning, which have been predictive of post-infection ME/CFS [4,21,22,26]. If possible, data from prospective designs, capturing characteristics of patients prior to infection might provide unique insights into predisposing factors helping to answer why certain individuals have more serious short-and long-term outcomes.…”

Section: Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-viral fatigue and COVID-19: lessons from past epidemics

Islam

Cotler

Jason

2020

Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior

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200

164

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The COVID-19 pandemic, resulting from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has severely impacted the population worldwide with a great mortality rate. The current article reviews the literature on short-and long-term health consequences of prior epidemics and infections to assess potential health complications that may be associated with post-COVID-19 recovery. Past research on post-epidemic and postinfection recovery has suggested that such complications include the development of severe fatigue. Certain factors, such as the severity of infection, in addition to the 'cytokine storm' experienced by many COVID-19 patients, may contribute to the development of later health problems. We suggest that the patterns observed in past epidemics and infections may re-occur in the current COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Non-viral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-viral fatigue and COVID-19: lessons from past epidemics

Islam

Cotler

Jason

2020

Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior

Self Cite

200

164

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“…Katz et al 5 used a validated severity of mononucleosis scale to categorize the students who developed IM. The scale was based on the literature and each severity item was assigned a score of 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When we tried to use the statistical methods to predict the development of ME/CFS following IM, the results were not significant, so in our analyses reported below, we focused on the severe ME/CFS group. Our first ROC analysis took the significant variables from prior studies, including the Total DSQ, three immune markers (IL-5, IL-6, and IL-13) found to differ between controls and those with severe ME/CFS at baseline 4 and the score on the severity of mononucleosis scale (0, 1 or > 1, the latter of which was predictive of the development of severe ME/CFS 6 months later 5 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those who developed severe ME/CFS had differences in several pre-illness domains compared to those who recovered from IM without further symptoms 4 . In addition, Katz et al 5 found that the severity of IM was predictive of severe ME/CFS 6 months following IM. We have used these baseline pre-illness behavioral and immune data along with severity of IM data to predict who will develop severe ME/CFS six months following IM.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictors for Developing Severe Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome following Infectious Mononucleosis

Jason¹,

Cotler²,

Islam³

et al. 2022

J Rehab Therapy

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Background: About 10% of individuals who contract infectious mononucleosis (IM) have symptoms 6 months later that meet criteria for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Our study for the first time examined whether it is possible to predict who will develop ME/CFS following IM. Methods: We have reported on a prospectively recruited cohort of 4,501 college students, of which 238 (5.3%) developed IM. Those who developed IM were followed-up at six months to determine whether they recovered or met criteria for ME/CFS. The present study focuses on 48 students who after six months had a diagnosis of ME/CFS, and a matched control group of 58 students who had no further symptoms after their IM. All of these 106 students had data at baseline (at least 6 weeks prior to the development of IM), when experiencing IM, and 6 months following IM. Of those who did not recover from IM, there were two groups: 30 were classified as ME/CFS and 18 were classified as severe ME/CFS. We measured the results of 7 questionnaires, physical examination findings, the severity of mononucleosis and cytokine analyses at baseline (pre-illness) and at the time of IM. We examined predictors (e.g., pre-illness variables as well as variables at onset of IM) of those who developed ME/CFS and severe ME/CFS following IM. Results: From analyses using receiver operating characteristic statistics, the students who had had severe gastrointestinal symptoms of stomach pain, bloating, and an irritable bowel at baseline and who also had abnormally low levels of the immune markers IL-13 and/or IL-5 at baseline, as well as severe gastrointestinal symptoms when then contracted IM, were found to have a nearly 80% chance of having severe ME/CFS persisting six months following IM. Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with emerging literature that gastrointestinal distress and autonomic symptoms, along with several immune markers, may be implicated in the development of severe ME/CFS. Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating illness affecting over a million people in the US1. Six months after having had Infectious Mononucleosis (IM), about 9-12% of individuals are diagnosed with this syndrome. For example, Hickie et al.2 showed an 11% rate of ME/CFS six months following acute infection with Epstein-Barr virus as well as following two other similar systemic infections. Katz et al.3 found similar outcomes following IM in youth. In a recent prospective, longitudinal study, university students were assessed prior to IM, at the time of IM, and at a six-month follow-up. Those who developed severe ME/CFS had differences in several pre-illness domains compared to those who recovered from IM without further symptoms4. In addition, Katz et al.5 found that the severity of IM was predictive of severe ME/CFS 6 months following IM. We have used these baseline pre-illness behavioral and immune data along with severity of IM data to predict who will develop severe ME/CFS six months following IM.

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Student fatigue and its impact on teaching effectiveness based on online teaching

Chen,

Qin

2023

Educ Inf Technol

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A Validated Scale for Assessing the Severity of Acute Infectious Mononucleosis

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Post-viral fatigue and COVID-19: lessons from past epidemics

Post-viral fatigue and COVID-19: lessons from past epidemics

Predictors for Developing Severe Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome following Infectious Mononucleosis

Student fatigue and its impact on teaching effectiveness based on online teaching

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