A validation of the Perceived Negative Context of Reception Scale with recently-arrived Venezuelan immigrants in Colombia and the United States.

Salas-Wright, Christopher P.; Oh, Sehun; Vaughn, Michael G.; Pérez-Gómez, Augusto; Mejía-Trujillo, Juliana; Montero-Zamora, Pablo; Andrade, Patricia; Cohen, Mariana; Scaramutti, Carolina; Rodríguez, José; Schwartz, Seth J.

doi:10.1037/cdp0000455

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Negative context of reception was measured via the six-item Negative Context of Reception Scale (Salas-Wright, Oh, et al, 2021; S. J. Schwartz et al, 2014) to assess how unwelcome participants felt in the mainland U.S. context.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of hurricane trauma and cultural stress on posttraumatic stress among hurricane Maria survivors relocated to the U.S. mainland.

Hodges,

Maldonado-Molina,

Schwartz

et al. 2023

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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Objectives: Following Hurricane Maria, scores of Puerto Rican "Maria migrants" fled the island with thousands permanently resettling on the United States (U.S.) mainland. Emerging evidence suggests that many Maria migrants are exposed to migration-related cultural stressors, including discrimination, negative context of reception, and language stress. The present study examines the associations of premigration hurricane trauma and postmigration cultural stress with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and positive PTSD screens. Method: Participants were 319 adult (age 18+, 71% female) Puerto Rican Hurricane Maria survivors on the U.S. mainland. Data were collected virtually between August 2020 and October 2021. Participants completed Spanish-language measures of hurricane-related trauma, postmigration cultural stress exposure, PTSD symptoms, and positive screens. Results: One in five (20.5%) Maria migrants reported PTSD scores in the range indicating a likely PTSD diagnosis (i.e., positive screen of 50+). Both hurricane trauma and migration-related cultural stressors independently predicted posttraumatic stress and positive PTSD screens. Additionally, controlling for the effect of hurricane trauma, discrimination and language stress were strongly linked with PTSD. Further, hurricane trauma and cultural stressors interact such that cultural stress predicts PTSD-positive screens at low-to-moderate levels of hurricane trauma exposure but not at high-to-very-high levels. Conclusion: Findings underscore the importance of providing mental health and other psychosocial supports to hurricane survivors and evacuees beyond the immediate aftermath of the disaster, and the need to consider both premigration trauma and postmigration experiences in terms of the mental health of crisis migrant populations. Public Significance StatementEvidence is still emerging regarding how premigration and postmigration stressors interact to impact the psychological well-being of crisis migrants. We examined the relationships between hurricane trauma and cultural stress vis-à-vis posttraumatic stress among Puerto Ricans displaced to the U.S. mainland by Hurricane Maria. Although both hurricane trauma and cultural stress predicted probable PTSD, we found that cultural stress only predicts PTSD at low-to-moderate levels of hurricane trauma.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of hurricane trauma and cultural stress on posttraumatic stress among hurricane Maria survivors relocated to the U.S. mainland.

Hodges,

Maldonado-Molina,

Schwartz

et al. 2023

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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“…An unwelcoming environment, or negative context of reception , refers to feeling shut out or excluded from opportunities in the society in which one lives, as well as a perception that one’s society does not welcome people from one’s ethnic/racial group (Portes & Rumbaut, 2014). Because it represents exclusion, negative context of reception is associated with depressive symptoms, anxiety, and lowered well-being among a variety of immigrant populations (Forster et al, 2021; Salas-Wright et al, 2021; Schwartz et al, 2014, 2018). The primary difference between negative context of reception and discrimination is that discrimination involves specific incidents that communicate exclusion, whereas negative context of reception refers to a feeling of being excluded from the dominant local or national ingroup—even if no specific incidents occur (Portes & Rumbaut, 2014).…”

Section: Cultural Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural stress, daily well-being, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms among Hispanic college students.

Schwartz¹,

Waterman²,

Cobb³

et al. 2022

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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The present study was designed to examine the extent to which, in a sample of 873 Hispanic college students, daily levels of, and variability in, well-being would mediate the predictive effects of culturally related stressors (discrimination, negative context of reception, and bicultural stress) on internalizing and externalizing symptoms 11 days later. A 12-day daily diary design was utilized, where reports of cultural stressors were gathered on Day 1, daily well-being reports were gathered on Days 2-11, and outcomes were measured on Day 12 (with controls for Day 1 levels of these same outcomes). Structural equation modeling results indicated that daily means of, and variability in, well-being significantly mediated the predictive effect of Day 1 ethnic/racial discrimination, negative context of reception, and bicultural stress on Day 12 symptoms of anxiety and depression. No effects emerged for externalizing symptoms. When we decomposed the latent well-being variability construct into its component indicators (selfesteem, life satisfaction, psychological well-being/self-acceptance, and eudaimonic well-being), daily variability in life satisfaction and self-acceptance appeared to be primarily responsible for the mediated predictive effects we observed. These results are discussed in terms of implications for further research, for counseling practice, and for the development of more inclusive university practices and policies. Public Significance StatementOur results indicate that cultural stressors can lead to symptoms of anxiety and depression among Hispanic students by compromising their daily well-being. It is essential for university administrators and professors to incorporate more Hispanic-focused content in classes, for universities to hire more Hispanic administrators and faculty, and for a reduction in zero-sum competition among students with a corresponding increased focus on establishing a better balance of communal and individual achievement. Hispanic students may also benefit from efforts to help them manage cultural stressors and to maintain stable levels of daily well-being.

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“…Previous studies have suggested that Hispanic college students reported psychosocial maladaptation such as depressive symptoms (Salas‐Wright et al, 2021) and physically aggressive behavior (Forster et al, 2015) when they had cultural‐related stressful experiences, such as cultural incongruity between their heritage and destination cultural streams (Lee et al, 2021) and a negative perceived context of reception (Schwartz, Unger, et al, 2014). For example, Hispanic students frequently face pressure to adopt aspects of American culture to create a better fit with their academic institutions (Cano et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct co‐occurrence patterns of acculturation and perceived context of reception between weekdays and weekends among Hispanic college students

et al. 2022

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Objective The present study was designed to examine distinct co‐occurrence patterns of acculturation and perceived context of reception between weekdays and weekends among Hispanic college students in Miami and their influences on psychosocial maladaptation. Methods We conducted a 12‐day diary study with a sample of first‐ and second‐generation Hispanic college students in Miami (n = 864). Depressive symptoms and physically aggressive behaviors were assessed on Days 1 and 12, and acculturation components and perceived negative context of reception were measured using single items on Days 2–11. We examined the overlap between weekday and weekend patterns of acculturation and negative context of reception, as well as links of this overlap with depressive symptoms and with physically aggressive behaviors. Results Overall, six distinct co‐occurrence patterns of acculturation and perceived contexts of reception emerged from the analysis. Four of these appeared to represent stable co‐occurrence patterns regardless of weekdays and weekends and two indicated changing co‐occurrence patterns between weekdays and weekends. Students in patterns of the Moderate Biculturalism–High Negative Context of Reception regardless of weekdays and weekends reported high depressive symptoms and physically aggressive behaviors. Also, for the two changing co‐occurrence patterns, students in patterns of the Changes in both Acculturation and Negative Context of Reception between weekdays and weekends reported high scores on both depressive symptoms and physical aggressive behaviors. Conclusion Both stable and changing patterns in acculturation and context of reception co‐occurrences between weekdays and weekends predicted psychosocial maladaptation.

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A validation of the Perceived Negative Context of Reception Scale with recently-arrived Venezuelan immigrants in Colombia and the United States.

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

The impact of hurricane trauma and cultural stress on posttraumatic stress among hurricane Maria survivors relocated to the U.S. mainland.

The impact of hurricane trauma and cultural stress on posttraumatic stress among hurricane Maria survivors relocated to the U.S. mainland.

Cultural stress, daily well-being, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms among Hispanic college students.

Distinct co‐occurrence patterns of acculturation and perceived context of reception between weekdays and weekends among Hispanic college students

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