“…As one of the most important tools in statistical process monitoring (SPM), control charts have been extensively used in various fields to monitor possible deteriorations of processes, for instance, chemical and process industries, natural disaster monitoring, or healthcare. Readers can refer to Anwar et al (2020), Perry (2020), Zhou et al (2020), and Chong et al (2020) for some recent research works on the application of control charts. Among the traditional control charts, Shewhart-type ones received much attention because they are easy to implement and very effective for monitoring large shifts.…”