“…There are several types of TL apparatus assembled and built so far (Tatake et al, 1971;Manche, 1979;Zeinalov & Maslenkova, 1996;Gilbert et al, 2003;Ducruet, 2004). For the measurement of steady-state TL, a sample such as a section of leaf, chloroplast, or algal material is placed on the sample holder and is illuminated by white light or light of a particular wavelength through a monochromator.…”