A variety of designs construction and mounting

Abstract

in the article the main types of building structures are considered, which are distinguished by the type of material. For the purpose of studying, each type has brief information including its advantages and disadvantages in comparison with others. In the section reinforced concrete structures, the authors characterize this material from three sides - this is the method of manufacture, the type of concrete and its stressed state. As a result, it was found that when choosing a foundation, special attention is paid to: bearing capacity, type of building being built, soil characteristics. In addition to the above, it can be added that weight reduction, cost reduction and material consumption in reinforced concrete structures are possible through the use of high-strength concrete and reinforcement. Metal structures are the most popular building material. The possibilities of this material are very diverse: building designs, designs specifically for certain seismic and climatic conditions, and high decorative properties. Due to its strength and rigidity, buildings can withstand hurricane gusts of wind and earthquakes. In the manufacture of structures in the factory and during installation, steel is subjected to various technological operations: welding, cutting, machining. It was found that in this case the steel does not collapse, it retains the microstructure and mechanical properties. Finally, steel should not have a significant cost of manufacturing structures from it. Turning to the section of wooden structures, the authors list the main advantages - it is comfortable and environmentally friendly and material.

Exploring influence of eccentricities and axis deviations on stress and strain state of reinforced concrete columns in multi-story frame buildings

“…Проектирование показателей несущей способности вертикальных несущих элементов каркаса сводится к определению формы и размеров поперечного сечения, назначению класса бетона и определению площади поперечного сечения продольной рабочей арматуры (АS и А'S), в зависимости от предполагаемого характера приложения сжимающего усилия (возможности проявления эксцентриситета) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. -колонны проектных марок К-1 и К-3 (центральных рядов, по осям Б, В) -центрально сжатые элементы;…”